An electrochemical cell has a membrane located between two flow field plates. On a first side of the membrane, there is a porous support surrounded by a seal between the membrane and the flow field plate. There is a gap between the porous support and the seal at the surface of the membrane. On a second side of the membrane, there is a seal between the membrane and the flow field plate located inside of the gap in plan view. The electrochemical cell is useful, for example, in high pressure or differential pressure electrolysis in which the second side of the membrane will be consistently exposed to a higher pressure than the first side of the membrane.

An electrochemical cell has a membrane located between two flow field plates. On a first side of the membrane, there is a porous support surrounded by a seal between the membrane and the flow field plate. There is a gap between the porous support and the seal at the surface of the membrane. On a second side of the membrane, there is a seal between the membrane and the flow field plate located inside of the gap in plan view. The electrochemical cell is useful, for example, in high pressure or differential pressure electrolysis in which the second side of the membrane will be consistently exposed to a higher pressure than the first side of the membrane.

A fuel cell stack includes a reaction layer having a MEA, an anode separator having a gas channel formed at a first side facing the reaction layer and through which a first reactant gas flows, and a cooling channel formed at a second side and through which a coolant flows. The anode separator abuts the reaction layer. A cathode separator abuts anode separator so that a first side of the cathode separator covers the cooling channel. A porous structural unit has a partition wall protruding from the second side of the cathode separator and has a flow path for a second reactant gas to minimize a cooling temperature deviation and improve operational efficiency.

A fuel cell stack includes a reaction layer having a MEA, an anode separator having a gas channel formed at a first side facing the reaction layer and through which a first reactant gas flows, and a cooling channel formed at a second side and through which a coolant flows. The anode separator abuts the reaction layer. A cathode separator abuts anode separator so that a first side of the cathode separator covers the cooling channel. A porous structural unit has a partition wall protruding from the second side of the cathode separator and has a flow path for a second reactant gas to minimize a cooling temperature deviation and improve operational efficiency.

A novel electrochemical cell is disclosed in multiple embodiments. The instant invention relates to an electrochemical cell design. In one embodiment, the cell design can electrolyze water into pressurized hydrogen using low-cost materials. In another embodiment, the cell design can convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity. In another embodiment, the cell design can electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen for storage, then later convert the stored hydrogen and oxygen back into electricity and water. In some embodiments, the cell operates with a wide internal pressure differential.

A novel electrochemical cell is disclosed in multiple embodiments. The instant invention relates to an electrochemical cell design. In one embodiment, the cell design can electrolyze water into pressurized hydrogen using low-cost materials. In another embodiment, the cell design can convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity. In another embodiment, the cell design can electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen for storage, then later convert the stored hydrogen and oxygen back into electricity and water. In some embodiments, the cell operates with a wide internal pressure differential.

Provided is a microbial fuel cell including a cathode and an anode, wherein the cathode includes a waterproof gas diffusion layer including a siloxane and a catalyst layer including a binder, wherein a surface of the gas diffusion layer opposite the catalyst layer contacts air, and the anode includes electrogenic bacteria. Also provided is a method for making a microbial fuel cell, including fabricating a cathode, wherein fabricating includes disposing a siloxane solution onto a surface of a substrate, wherein the siloxane solution includes a siloxane and a solvent, drying the siloxane solution to form a waterproof gas diffusion layer, and placing the gas diffusion layer on a catalyst layer including a binder, and facing an anode with the cathode whereby the gas diffusion layer faces away from the anode and contacts air.

A method for making an improved fuel cell using a porosity gradient design for gas diffusion layers in a hydrogen fuel cell, a gas diffusion layer made by the method and a fuel cell containing the gas diffusion layer.

A method for making an improved fuel cell using a porosity gradient design for gas diffusion layers in a hydrogen fuel cell, a gas diffusion layer made by the method and a fuel cell containing the gas diffusion layer.

A fuel cell separator includes a separator body and porous structure. The porous structure is stacked on a body surface with pores therein to provide a fluid flow path. The body includes: an inlet part having a space into which the fluid is introduced, a reaction region receiving the fluid, and a diffusion part between the inlet part and the reaction region and a passage to provide a path supplying fluid within the inlet part to the reaction region. The porous structure is stacked on a reaction region surface. A first inlet region, provided at the same height as the inlet part in a height direction in a porous structure inlet region facing the diffusion part, is provided closer to a central region of the porous structure than a second inlet region except for the first inlet region in the inlet region of the porous structure facing the diffusion part.