To provide an air-cooled fuel cell system configured to suppress thermal runaway. An air-cooled fuel cell system, wherein the air-cooled fuel cell system comprises: a fuel cell, a first temperature acquirer, a second temperature acquirer and a controller; wherein the fuel cell comprises a cooling fin made of a metal; wherein the first temperature acquirer is disposed at a position which is near a cooling air inlet of the fuel cell and which is apart from the cooling fin; wherein the second temperature acquirer is disposed to come into contact with the cooling fin; wherein the controller monitors temperatures acquired by the first and second temperature acquirers.

To provide an air-cooled fuel cell system configured to suppress thermal runaway. An air-cooled fuel cell system, wherein the air-cooled fuel cell system comprises: a fuel cell, a first temperature acquirer, a second temperature acquirer and a controller; wherein the fuel cell comprises a cooling fin made of a metal; wherein the first temperature acquirer is disposed at a position which is near a cooling air inlet of the fuel cell and which is apart from the cooling fin; wherein the second temperature acquirer is disposed to come into contact with the cooling fin; wherein the controller monitors temperatures acquired by the first and second temperature acquirers.

To provide an air-cooled fuel cell system configured to suppress thermal runaway. An air-cooled fuel cell system, wherein the reaction air supply flow path comprises a first valve in a region downstream of the reaction air supplier and upstream of the reaction air inlet of the fuel cell; wherein the reaction air discharge flow path comprises a second valve downstream of the reaction air outlet of the fuel cell; wherein the fuel gas supply flow path comprises a third valve upstream of the fuel gas inlet of the fuel cell; wherein the fuel off-gas discharge flow path comprises a fourth valve downstream of the fuel gas outlet of the fuel cell.

To provide an air-cooled fuel cell system configured to suppress thermal runaway. An air-cooled fuel cell system, wherein the reaction air supply flow path comprises a first valve in a region downstream of the reaction air supplier and upstream of the reaction air inlet of the fuel cell; wherein the reaction air discharge flow path comprises a second valve downstream of the reaction air outlet of the fuel cell; wherein the fuel gas supply flow path comprises a third valve upstream of the fuel gas inlet of the fuel cell; wherein the fuel off-gas discharge flow path comprises a fourth valve downstream of the fuel gas outlet of the fuel cell.

To provide an air-cooled fuel cell with increased durability and power generation performance. An air-cooled fuel cell wherein the air-cooled fuel cell includes a second separator, a membrane electrode gas diffusion layer assembly, a first separator and a cooling plate in this order; wherein a sum of a flow path width and rib width of third flow paths is larger than a sum of a flow path width and rib width of first flow paths and a sum of a flow path width and rib width of second flow paths; wherein, in a power generation region in which the first separator, the second separator and the cooling plate overlap with the membrane electrode gas diffusion layer assembly when viewed from above, part of the first flow paths, part of the second flow paths, and part of the third flow paths intersect with each other.

To provide an air-cooled fuel cell with increased durability and power generation performance. An air-cooled fuel cell wherein the air-cooled fuel cell includes a second separator, a membrane electrode gas diffusion layer assembly, a first separator and a cooling plate in this order; wherein a sum of a flow path width and rib width of third flow paths is larger than a sum of a flow path width and rib width of first flow paths and a sum of a flow path width and rib width of second flow paths; wherein, in a power generation region in which the first separator, the second separator and the cooling plate overlap with the membrane electrode gas diffusion layer assembly when viewed from above, part of the first flow paths, part of the second flow paths, and part of the third flow paths intersect with each other.

An embodiment air-cooled fuel cell includes a cell stack, an air inlet manifold configured to allow air to flow into the cell stack therethrough, an air outlet manifold configured to allow the air to flow out of the cell stack therethrough, and a manifold opening/closing controller disposed at the air inlet manifold or the air outlet manifold and configured to allow or interrupt inflow or outflow of the air based on an operation state of the cell stack.

An embodiment air-cooled fuel cell includes a cell stack, an air inlet manifold configured to allow air to flow into the cell stack therethrough, an air outlet manifold configured to allow the air to flow out of the cell stack therethrough, and a manifold opening/closing controller disposed at the air inlet manifold or the air outlet manifold and configured to allow or interrupt inflow or outflow of the air based on an operation state of the cell stack.

A drying method of a fuel cell includes holding the fuel cell having separator plates exposed on the surface of the fuel cell at a predetermined angle, and blowing air to the fuel cell at an angle in a range of 5° or larger and 85° or smaller with respect to the surface of the separator plate of the fuel cell held at the predetermined angle.

Methods and systems for producing are disclosed. A method for producing iron, for example, comprises: providing an iron-containing ore to a dissolution subsystem comprising a first electrochemical cell; wherein the first anolyte has a different composition than the first catholyte; dissolving at least a portion of the iron-containing ore using an acid to form an acidic iron-salt solution having dissolved first Fe.sup.3+ ions; providing at least a portion of the acidic iron-salt solution to the first cathodic chamber; first electrochemically reducing said first Fe.sup.3+ ions in the first catholyte to form Fe.sup.2+ ions; transferring the formed Fe.sup.2+ ions from the dissolution subsystem to an iron-plating subsystem having a second electrochemical cell; second electrochemically reducing a first portion of the transferred formed Fe.sup.2+ ions to Fe metal at a second cathode of the second electrochemical cell; and removing the Fe metal.