A device for carrying fuel in aircraft and spacecraft includes a carrier element having a longitudinal axis, and a fuel tank with a side wall and a chamber at least partially delimited by the side wall. The tank is arranged in the carrier element. The chamber and the side wall extend in a direction along the longitudinal axis. The side wall has a pressure-receiving component that converts a pressure from the chamber on the side wall into a contraction force acting on the side wall along the longitudinal axis. The contraction force compensates for an expansion force, resulting from the pressure from the chamber and acting on the side wall along the longitudinal axis. This provides an improved device for carrying fuel in aircraft and spacecraft, wherein the aircraft and spacecraft has constant flight mechanical properties because of the device.

A device for carrying fuel in aircraft and spacecraft includes a carrier element having a longitudinal axis, and a fuel tank with a side wall and a chamber at least partially delimited by the side wall. The tank is arranged in the carrier element. The chamber and the side wall extend in a direction along the longitudinal axis. The side wall has a pressure-receiving component that converts a pressure from the chamber on the side wall into a contraction force acting on the side wall along the longitudinal axis. The contraction force compensates for an expansion force, resulting from the pressure from the chamber and acting on the side wall along the longitudinal axis. This provides an improved device for carrying fuel in aircraft and spacecraft, wherein the aircraft and spacecraft has constant flight mechanical properties because of the device.

Provided herein are electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer configurations with membrane-electrode gap and optionally one or more spacers; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

Provided herein are electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer configurations with membrane-electrode gap and optionally one or more spacers; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

Disclosed are a system and method for managing a smart farm using a self-contained hydrogen power system. A system for managing a smart farm includes a self-contained hydrogen generation unit configured to purify intake-water, generate clean hydrogen through water electrolysis, generate energy through a fuel cell by using the generated clean hydrogen, and store the energy; and a growing condition control unit configured to receive, from the self-contained hydrogen generation unit, energy for driving a plurality of sensors and a camera and control an environment for growing agricultural produce.

Disclosed are a system and method for managing a smart farm using a self-contained hydrogen power system. A system for managing a smart farm includes a self-contained hydrogen generation unit configured to purify intake-water, generate clean hydrogen through water electrolysis, generate energy through a fuel cell by using the generated clean hydrogen, and store the energy; and a growing condition control unit configured to receive, from the self-contained hydrogen generation unit, energy for driving a plurality of sensors and a camera and control an environment for growing agricultural produce.

Self-refueling power-generating systems and methods of configuring them are provided, which enable operation in a self-sustained manner, using no external resource for water, oxygen or hydrogen. The systems and methods determine the operation of reversible device(s) in fuel cell or electrolyzer mode according to power requirements and power availability, supply oxygen in a closed circuit, compressing received oxygen in the electrolyzer mode, and supplying water or dilute electrolyte in a closed circuit in conjunction with the closed oxygen supply circuit by separating oxygen produced by the reversible device(s) in the electrolyzer mode from the water or dilute electrolyte received from the reversible device(s). Membrane assemblies may comprise a binder and be hot-pressed to enhance their long-term performance and durability.

Self-refueling power-generating systems and methods of configuring them are provided, which enable operation in a self-sustained manner, using no external resource for water, oxygen or hydrogen. The systems and methods determine the operation of reversible device(s) in fuel cell or electrolyzer mode according to power requirements and power availability, supply oxygen in a closed circuit, compressing received oxygen in the electrolyzer mode, and supplying water or dilute electrolyte in a closed circuit in conjunction with the closed oxygen supply circuit by separating oxygen produced by the reversible device(s) in the electrolyzer mode from the water or dilute electrolyte received from the reversible device(s). Membrane assemblies may comprise a binder and be hot-pressed to enhance their long-term performance and durability.

Disclosed are a self-contained hydrogen power system and method for an electric car charging station. The self-contained hydrogen power system may include a high-level water purification unit configured to retain storm water, seawater or portable water in a water reserve tank, remove precipitates from the storm water, seawater or portable water, and perform water treatment on the storm water, seawater or portable water, a solar water electrolysis unit configured to generate clean hydrogen through hydrogen electrolysis and store the clean hydrogen, an energy production and storage unit configured to convert the clean hydrogen into energy through a fuel cell and perform an energy production and storage process by using energy generated by a sunlight collector, and a charging station configured to receive the energy stored in the energy production and storage unit and use the energy to charge an electric car.

Disclosed are a self-contained hydrogen power system and method for an electric car charging station. The self-contained hydrogen power system may include a high-level water purification unit configured to retain storm water, seawater or portable water in a water reserve tank, remove precipitates from the storm water, seawater or portable water, and perform water treatment on the storm water, seawater or portable water, a solar water electrolysis unit configured to generate clean hydrogen through hydrogen electrolysis and store the clean hydrogen, an energy production and storage unit configured to convert the clean hydrogen into energy through a fuel cell and perform an energy production and storage process by using energy generated by a sunlight collector, and a charging station configured to receive the energy stored in the energy production and storage unit and use the energy to charge an electric car.