A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer comprising a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.

A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer comprising a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.

A multi-cell battery includes a negative current collecting substrate; at least two laminated electric cores arranged in parallel to each other on the negative current collecting substrate; and a positive current collecting substrate, wherein the two laminated electric cores sandwiches about the positive current collecting substrate, thereby forming two cells on opposite sides of the positive current collecting substrate.

An anode-free cell including a housing and a plurality of cathode layers each cathode layer includes a cathode current collector disposed between two cathode active material layers. The anode-free cell also includes a pair of separators, and an anode current collector laminated in between the pair of separators to form a continuous laminated separator-current collector-separator layer. The continuous laminated separator-current collector-separator layer is positioned in between adjacent cathode layers of the plurality of cathode layers in a continuous stacking fold.

In some aspects, an electrochemical apparatus can include an anode current collector, a first anode material disposed on a first side of the anode current collector, and a second anode material disposed on a second side of the anode current collector, the second side opposite the first side. The apparatus further includes a cathode current collector with a first cathode material disposed on a first section of the cathode current collector and a second cathode material disposed on a second section of the cathode current collector. The apparatus further includes a separator folded such that a first portion of the separator is interposed between the first anode material and the first cathode material and a second portion of the separator is interposed between the second anode material and the second cathode material.

A lamination method for an electrode sheet comprises: connecting a first end of each of a plurality of first sheets to a first fixing member; connecting a first end of each of a plurality of second sheets to a second fixing member; oppositely and fixedly configuring the first fixing members and the second fixing members; and sequentially arranging second ends of the plurality of first sheets and second ends of the plurality second sheets, and staggeredly stacking the plurality of first sheets and the plurality of second sheets.

An electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object includes: a first electrode formed in the form of a single sheet and repetitively in-folded and out-folded at a predetermined interval; a second electrode provided in plurality and respectively interposed in spaces formed by folding the first electrode; a separator formed in the form of a single sheet and interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode so as to be repetitively in-folded and out-folded at a predetermined interval together with the first electrode; and a cover part configured to cover at least portions of an area, on which the separator is out-folded and an exposed surface, which is exposed to the outside together with the second electrode.