Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which exhibits excellent energy density and excellent input/output density (and especially output density in low SOC regions). This invention discloses a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layers formed on the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material layer has two regions that are demarcated in a surface direction of the positive electrode current collector, which are a first region 14a containing mainly a positive active material of lithium iron phosphate, and a second region 14b containing mainly a positive active material of a lithium-transition metal composite oxide.

In accordance with at least selected embodiments or aspects, the present invention is directed to improved, unique, and/or high performance ISS lead acid battery separators, such as improved ISS flooded lead acid battery separators, ISS batteries including such separators, methods of production, and/or methods of use. The preferred ISS separator may include negative cross ribs and/or PIMS minerals. In accordance with more particular embodiments or examples, a PIMS mineral (preferably fish meal, a bio-mineral) is provided as at least a partial substitution for the silica filler component in a silica filled lead acid battery separator (preferably a polyethylene/silica separator formulation). In accordance with at least selected embodiments, the present invention is directed to new or improved batteries, separators, components, and/or compositions having heavy metal removal capabilities and/or methods of manufacture and/or methods of use thereof.

In accordance with at least selected embodiments or aspects, the present invention is directed to improved, unique, and/or high performance ISS lead acid battery separators, such as improved ISS flooded lead acid battery separators, ISS batteries including such separators, methods of production, and/or methods of use. The preferred ISS separator may include negative cross ribs and/or PIMS minerals. In accordance with more particular embodiments or examples, a PIMS mineral (preferably fish meal, a bio-mineral) is provided as at least a partial substitution for the silica filler component in a silica filled lead acid battery separator (preferably a polyethylene/silica separator formulation). In accordance with at least selected embodiments, the present invention is directed to new or improved batteries, separators, components, and/or compositions having heavy metal removal capabilities and/or methods of manufacture and/or methods of use thereof.

A connector assembly is provided for stacked electric power modules. Each of the electric power modules includes a front board, a back board, a top board, a bottom board, a left side board, a right side board, and a battery pack contained in the electric power module. The back board of the electric power module includes a connector module mounted thereto and the connector module includes at least one power connector connected to the battery pack and at least one signal connector. The at least one power connector and the at least one signal connector of the connector module are arranged to project beyond a horizontal surface of the top board.

A process of forming a cross-linked electronically active hydrophilic co-polymer is provided and includes the steps of: a. mixing an intrinsically electronically active material with water to form an intermediate mixture; b. adding at least one hydrophilic monomer, at least one hydrophobic monomer, and at least one cross-linker to the intermediate mixture to form a co-monomer mixture; and c. polymerising the co-monomer mixture.

A valve regulated lead-acid battery includes a positive electrode current collector which is a punched current collector obtained by punching a rolled sheet of lead alloy and in which the average interlayer distance in a layered current collector structure at a cross-section parallel to the rolling direction and along the thickness direction of the current collector is not less than 25 m and not more than 180 m.

A valve regulated lead-acid battery includes a positive electrode current collector which is a punched current collector obtained by punching a rolled sheet of lead alloy and in which the average interlayer distance in a layered current collector structure at a cross-section parallel to the rolling direction and along the thickness direction of the current collector is not less than 25 m and not more than 180 m.

A lead-acid battery, including: a positive electrode plate; a negative electrode plate; an electrolyte solution; and a container having a cell chamber in which the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate and the electrolyte solution are accommodated. A concentration of Ba sulfate contained in a negative electrode material of the negative electrode plate is 1.0 mass % or more, and a Na concentration in the electrolyte solution is 0.04 mol/L or less.

To provide a convenient and effective method for suppressing the penetration of dendrite over the microporous film mainly containing the base portion, which occupies the most part of the entire separator (total area), rather than the peculiar concept (resulting in a difficult measure), in which only the pore structure of the rib portion is densified or contracted for suppressing dendrite from penetrating through the rib portion. A separator for a lead-acid battery, containing a microporous film obtained in such a manner that a raw material composition mainly containing a polyolefin resin, silica powder, and a plasticizer is melt-kneaded and formed into a film, from which the plasticizer is entirely or partially removed, the raw material composition containing glass flakes having an average particle diameter of from 20 to 800 m and an average thickness of 0.2 to 8 m and having no self-film formability in an amount of from 2 to 15% by weight based on a total amount of the silica powder and the glass flakes, the glass flakes in the microporous film being disposed in such a manner that a plane direction thereof is substantially oriented in a plane direction of the microporous film, a value of (the content of the glass flakes in the microporous film)/(the average thickness of the glass flakes in the microporous film) being 1 or more.

A non-woven fiber mat for lead-acid batteries is provided. The non-woven fiber pasting mat includes glass fibers coated with a sizing composition; a binder composition; and one or more additives. The additives reduce water loss in lead-acid batteries.