Methods and electronic devices for estimating state of charge (SOC) of a battery pack. Various embodiments provide a model comprising an (electrical) equivalent circuit model, an electrochemical (thermal) model, and a (convective) thermal model. The model estimates parameters pertaining to each cell of the battery pack individually, and determines the variations in the values of the parameters among each of the cells of the battery pack. The parameters include capacity, temperature current, voltage, and SOC. The parameters are computed based on at current drawn by the battery pack, electrochemical parameters, thermal parameters, and cell internal and connection resistances of the individual cells. Various embodiments compute battery pack uptime, chargeable capacity of the battery pack and SOC of the battery pack, based on the values of the parameters.

A method for charging a cell of an electric energy store includes setting the cell into a charging mode; determining a first and a second impedance characteristic, each representative of a complex alternating current impedance of the cell; determining a first and a second temperature characteristic on the basis of the impedance characteristics, each representative of a temperature of the cell; determining a deviation in the temperature characteristics; and reducing a charging current of the cell in the event that the deviation exceeds a specified temperature threshold value.

A method for controlling a lower limit of a state-of-charge state of a power battery, and a vehicle are provided, the method includes: detecting, by a detection unit, a minimum ambient temperature and a minimum power battery temperature in at least one time period; evaluating, by an evaluation unit, a minimum power battery temperature in a preset time period after the at least one time period according to the minimum ambient temperature and the minimum power battery temperature in the at least one time period; determining, by a processing unit, a minimum state-of-charge value that meets a start-up power requirement of a vehicle engine at the minimum power battery temperature in the preset time period, and adjusting a lower limit value of the state-of-charge according to the minimum state-of-charge value, in order that the vehicle can be powered-up by a state-of-charge value of the power battery at low temperature environment.

A battery control apparatus for a battery system includes: a first operation unit that computes a first state of charge of a battery according to a first technique on the basis of an electric current value, a voltage value, and an internal resistance value of the battery; a second operation unit that computes a second state of charge of the battery according to a second technique different from the first technique; and a correction unit that corrects the internal resistance value of the battery. if a difference equal to or more than a specified value is detected between the first state of charge and the second state of charge, the correction unit corrects the internal resistance value of the battery with a resistance correction amount according to the difference and the electric current value.

The present invention relates to a battery cell surface temperature estimation system and method capable of minimizing a temperature measurement delay through a software algorithm method that estimates the actual cell surface temperature by reflecting the gradient of the measured temperature change of the battery cell

An example of a battery apparatus (10) is provided including: a housing (12) with a connection arrangement (24); a plurality of interoperable battery cartridges (36) removably fittable to the housing (12) to connect with the connection arrangement (24) to form a stack; at least one battery interface arrangement (17) adapted to be removably fitted to the housing (12) to connect with the connection arrangement (24) so as to be in communication with a selection of the plurality of interoperable battery cartridges (26) via the connection arrangement (24). Examples of battery cartridges (36), a system (5) including one or more battery apparatuses (10), and associated example methods are also disclosed.

A lithium battery system comprising a battery and a feedback current control apparatus having a first current capture device that comprises: a first feedback current capture module for capturing feedback current; a first switch module for conducting or unidirectionally cutting off a main circuit; and a control module for receiving a first voltage of one end of a driver on the main circuit, a second voltage of one end of the battery, and the temperature of the battery. When a difference between the first and second voltage is greater than a preset voltage and the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a preset temperature, the first switch module is controlled to unidirectionally cut off the main circuit to capture feedback current by the first feedback current capture module on a first current capture circuit, greatly reducing the probability of lithium precipitation and risk of thermal runaway.

A device for charging and discharging a battery cell, and a method of charging and discharging a battery cell are provided. The device includes a pair of jigs configured to fix respective electrode leads of the battery cell. Each jig includes a first jig block configured to press a first surface of a corresponding electrode lead of the battery cell, a second jig block configured to press a second surface of the corresponding electrode lead facing the first surface of the corresponding electrode lead, a first jig block control unit connected to the first jig block to move the first jig block toward the first surface of the corresponding electrode lead, and an interval adjusting member arranged between the first and second jig blocks to control an interval between the first and second jig blocks.

A battery pack includes: battery cells; and a measurement circuit unit to measure temperature information of the battery cells, the measurement circuit unit including: a first measurement circuit unit including a first type temperature measurement element; and a second measurement circuit unit including a second type temperature measurement element having a different characteristic of a resistance change according to a temperature change from that of the first type temperature measurement element. The first measurement circuit unit and the second measurement circuit unit are on a common base substrate, or on different individual base substrates from each other.

A battery module and a battery pack including the same are provided. Battery cells are manufactured in the form of a module, and thus, even when the specifications of the battery pack are changed depending on a vehicle kind, the standardized battery cells are applicable to battery packs having various specifications and a separate design process for disposing the battery cells in the battery pack may be omitted, thereby reducing the development period and costs of a new battery pack. Further, plural temperature sensors configured to measure the temperatures of the battery cells are provided so as to provide the optimum environment to the battery cells, and the respective temperature sensors may not be located inside the battery module so as to be easily managed. Moreover, surface pressure performance due to end plates may be secured even when the temperature sensors are located outside the battery module.