The present invention comprises semiconductor materials for use in rechargeable energy storage devices particularly rechargeable secondary lithium batteries or lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as monitoring sensors at the sub-cell level. The present invention includes semiconductor materials compositions fabricated from silicon-based, gallium-based, germanium-based, or a variety of other semiconductor materials as well as implementation methods related thereto. The aforementioned system can be embedded in the structure of negative and positive electrodes, at the interface of electrodes and electrolyte and/or at the interface of electrodes and current collector. The use of semiconductor materials proposed in this invention results in more accurate performance assessment, improved battery state of health monitoring, enhanced battery safety, and extended battery life.

A stacked power supply system applied for an electronic device is provided. The stacked power supply system has an adapter and multiple battery modules. The adapter has a power plug, a power supply connector and a battery connector. The adapter is connected to an external AC power via the power plug, and converts the alternating current to the direct current, so as to supply power to the electronic device via the power supply connector. The battery modules have a battery set, a first connector and a second connector. The first connector of one of the battery modules is electrically connected to the battery connector of the adapter, the second connector of other neighboring battery modules is adapted to the first connectors of the neighboring battery modules, so as to form a stacked battery modules structure.

An apparatus comprises an electrically power surgical instrument having a handle assembly. The apparatus also comprises a communication device positioned within the handle assembly. The communication device is operable to communicate with at least a portion of the electrically powered surgical instrument. The apparatus further comprises an external device in wireless communication with the communication device. The external device is operable to receive information from the communication device and the external device is operable to provide an output viewable to the user.

Aspects concern a battery pack for mounting on a vehicle. The battery pack may comprise an elongated cell rack comprising one or more battery cells arranged therein. The battery pack may comprise a tubular battery case at least partially surrounding the elongated cell rack. The battery pack may comprise a top seal cover sealing a top portion of the elongated cell rack. The battery pack may comprise a bottom seal cover arranged at a bottom portion of the elongated cell rack. The battery pack may comprise a female pin receptacle arranged on the bottom seal cover at the bottom portion of the elongated cell rack.

A portable electronic device may include a battery assembly and a battery swell detection unit in proximity to the battery assembly. The battery swell detection unit may include an electrode, a dome made of an electrically conductive material positioned between the battery assembly and the electrode, a processor, and memory having programmed instructions that cause the processor, when executed, to detect battery swelling based on a depression of the dome.

The present disclosure provides an energy storage system comprising a plurality of input ports connectable to receive electrical power from one or more energy sources, a plurality of output ports connectable to deliver electrical power to one or more loads, a plurality of battery modules, a switching matrix connected between the plurality of battery modules and the plurality of inputs, and between the plurality of battery modules and the plurality of outputs, the switching matrix configured to selectively connect each battery module to any number of the plurality of input ports or any number of the plurality of output ports, each input port to any number of battery modules, and each output port to any number of battery modules, and a main battery management controller operably coupled to the switching matrix for controlling connections between each battery module and any number of the plurality of input ports or any number of the plurality of output ports.

A system for protecting a device having variable internal resistance includes a protection fuse capable of blowing when a current having an intensity greater than an intensity threshold passes through. The system also includes an estimator suitable for estimating the internal resistance of the device, and a safety device suitable for limiting and/or preventing use of the device when the internal resistance is greater than a resistance threshold beyond which the protection fuse is inoperative.

The present disclosure provides a smart vehicle battery clip, comprising: two battery clips, an isolated power output circuit, an isolated polarity detection circuit, a polarity discrimination circuit, a protection circuit, a micro control unit and a power supply line, the isolated power output circuit is coupled with the two battery clips, the isolated polarity detection circuit and the isolated power output circuit are spaced apart, and the isolated polarity detection circuit is coupled with the two battery clips; the polarity discrimination circuit and the isolated polarity detection circuit are oppositely arranged, and the polarity discrimination circuit is isolated from the isolated polarity detection circuit; the micro control unit is coupled with the isolated power output circuit, the polarity discrimination circuit, the EC5 public socket, and the protection circuit; the power supply line is spaced apart from the micro control unit.

The invention relates to a battery which includes an internal voltage regulation device for regulating the output voltage of the battery, and an input voltage applied to the battery. The voltage regulation device may be configured to provide an output voltage which is less than an internal power source voltage. A switch is provided to switch the voltage regulation device between operating modes in order to control the output voltage regulation, and protect the internal power source from damage.

A terminal device, a method for monitoring battery safety of a terminal device, and a system for monitoring battery safety of a terminal device are provided. The method for monitoring battery safety includes the following. Acquire status information of a battery of the terminal device. Determine whether the terminal device meets a preset safety hazard condition according to the status information. Upon determining that the terminal device meets the preset safety hazard condition, control the terminal device to be in a power-off state or disconnect a power supply circuit.