A battery pack includes: a battery cell including a terminal surface on which an electrode terminal is located, a bottom surface opposite the terminal surface, and a lateral surface between the terminal surface and the bottom surface; a first tank facing the terminal surface of the battery cell; a second tank extending from the first tank and facing the lateral surface of the battery cell; and a third tank extending from the second tank and facing the bottom surface of the battery cell, and a cavity is defined in the first and second tanks to extend across the first and second tanks, the cavity being filled with a first cooling medium and being fluidically isolated from an outside of the battery pack; and a flow path is defined in the third tank to receive a flow of a second cooling medium which is different from the first cooling medium.

The battery thermal management system includes a battery pack, a circulation subsystem, and a heat exchanger. The system can optionally include a cooling system, a reservoir, a de-ionization filter, a battery charger, and a controller.

The battery thermal management system includes a battery pack, a circulation subsystem, and a heat exchanger. The system can optionally include a cooling system, a reservoir, a de-ionization filter, a battery charger, and a controller.

An assembled battery includes a plurality of Peltier elements, a plurality of control circuits each of which controls an associated one of the plurality of Peltier elements, a plurality of battery cells at least one of which is connected to one end of each of the plurality of Peltier elements, and a heat transfer plate connected to the other end of each of the plurality of Peltier elements.

An assembled battery includes a plurality of Peltier elements, a plurality of control circuits each of which controls an associated one of the plurality of Peltier elements, a plurality of battery cells at least one of which is connected to one end of each of the plurality of Peltier elements, and a heat transfer plate connected to the other end of each of the plurality of Peltier elements.

A stack has an end surface located at an end portion in a first direction. A restraint portion includes a first member, a second member, and an adhesive agent layer. The first member has a main body portion and a protrusion portion. The protrusion portion protrudes from the main body portion in a second direction intersecting the first direction. The second member is provided with a recess portion that receives at least a portion of the protrusion portion in the second direction. The adhesive agent layer adheres the first member and the second member to each other. One of the first member and the second member is provided to face the end surface of the stack. The protrusion portion and the recess portion are engaged with each other with the adhesive agent layer being interposed between the protrusion portion and the recess portion.

A stack has an end surface located at an end portion in a first direction. A restraint portion includes a first member, a second member, and an adhesive agent layer. The first member has a main body portion and a protrusion portion. The protrusion portion protrudes from the main body portion in a second direction intersecting the first direction. The second member is provided with a recess portion that receives at least a portion of the protrusion portion in the second direction. The adhesive agent layer adheres the first member and the second member to each other. One of the first member and the second member is provided to face the end surface of the stack. The protrusion portion and the recess portion are engaged with each other with the adhesive agent layer being interposed between the protrusion portion and the recess portion.

A battery module includes a heat-shrinkable tube serving as a module housing. The battery module includes a cell assembly having a plurality of pouch-type secondary batteries; a bus bar assembly having a bus bar frame and a bus bar mounted to an outer surface of the bus bar frame; and a heat-shrinkable tube formed to be shrunk by heat and configured so that the cell assembly is located therein, the heat-shrinkable tube being provided to surround a side surface of the cell assembly and a portion of the bus bar assembly.

The invention provides for a high occupancy or heavy-duty vehicle with a battery propulsion power source, which may include lithium titanate batteries. The vehicle may be all-battery or may be a hybrid, and may have a composite body. The vehicle battery system may be housed within the floor of the vehicle and may have different groupings and arrangements.

The invention provides for a high occupancy or heavy-duty vehicle with a battery propulsion power source, which may include lithium titanate batteries. The vehicle may be all-battery or may be a hybrid, and may have a composite body. The vehicle battery system may be housed within the floor of the vehicle and may have different groupings and arrangements.