An embodiment is directed to a solid state electrolyte-comprising Li or Li-ion battery cell, comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode with an areal capacity loading that exceeds around 3.5 mAh/cm.sup.2, an ionically conductive separator layer that electrically separates the anode and cathode electrodes, and one or more solid electrolytes ionically coupling the anode and the cathode, wherein at least one of the one or more solid electrolytes or at least one solid electrolyte precursor of the one or more solid electrolytes is infiltrated into the solid state Li or Li-ion battery cell as a liquid.

A battery pack structure includes a chamber, a cooling duct arranged outside the pack case, and a connector that communicates the chamber and the cooling duct with each other. The connector includes a first opening, which is connected with the chamber in a state of being sealed by a first sealing member, a second opening, which is connected with a cooling duct in a state of being sealed by a second sealing member, a first sealing surface, which is formed in a peripheral part of the first opening and is either a tube-shaped surface or a plane that faces a chamber inlet surface though the first sealing member, and a second sealing surface, which is formed in a peripheral part of the second opening and is a tube-shaped surface or a plane that faces a duct outlet surface through the second sealing member.

The invention relates to a battery pack type device including a first terminal (101), a second terminal (102) and a plurality of energy storage elements between these terminals, each element including:

a) at least one switch for connecting it with, or to disconnect it from, one or more other element(s);
b) at least one conductor (15, 17) for conducting a current, parallel to the element, when the latter is not connected with one or more other element(s);
c) at least one switch (20) for establishing a short-circuit between the terminals of the battery when the latter is disconnected or supplies a zero voltage;
d) a control circuit (30), specifically adapted to: select at least one first energy storage element and at least one second energy storage element, at least one of these elements being to be heated up, to make a current circulate at least from the first element to the second element when the terminals (101, 102) are short-circuited; stop the current when a setpoint temperature for one or more element(s) of the pack is reached.

The invention relates to a battery pack type device including a first terminal (101), a second terminal (102) and a plurality of energy storage elements between these terminals, each element including:

a) at least one switch for connecting it with, or to disconnect it from, one or more other element(s);
b) at least one conductor (15, 17) for conducting a current, parallel to the element, when the latter is not connected with one or more other element(s);
c) at least one switch (20) for establishing a short-circuit between the terminals of the battery when the latter is disconnected or supplies a zero voltage;
d) a control circuit (30), specifically adapted to: select at least one first energy storage element and at least one second energy storage element, at least one of these elements being to be heated up, to make a current circulate at least from the first element to the second element when the terminals (101, 102) are short-circuited; stop the current when a setpoint temperature for one or more element(s) of the pack is reached.

A series-parallel battery system with a buffer resistor coupled to each junction of batteries or battery cells. Buffer resistors on the same row are coupled to a measurement node. Terminals of the battery system and the measurement nodes are treated as measurement points that are coupled to a conventional battery management unit. The buffer resistors provide a means for limiting in-rush current and a means for maintaining voltage balance across the row of batteries in the parallel columns of batteries. A control unit in series with each series of batteries monitors current in the series and comprises a switch to deactivate the column when the current exceeds a set of predetermined current levels.

A series-parallel battery system with a buffer resistor coupled to each junction of batteries or battery cells. Buffer resistors on the same row are coupled to a measurement node. Terminals of the battery system and the measurement nodes are treated as measurement points that are coupled to a conventional battery management unit. The buffer resistors provide a means for limiting in-rush current and a means for maintaining voltage balance across the row of batteries in the parallel columns of batteries. A control unit in series with each series of batteries monitors current in the series and comprises a switch to deactivate the column when the current exceeds a set of predetermined current levels.

A double-sealed thin film electrochemical pouch cell, comprising a cathode current collector, a cathode, an electrolyte, an anode, and an anode current collector, which is double-sealed by a first inner laminate layer forming a primary seal covered by a second outer polymer layer forming a secondary seal. The second outer polymer layer comprises embedded particles to increase the thermal conductivity of the second outer polymer layer.

A double-sealed thin film electrochemical pouch cell, comprising a cathode current collector, a cathode, an electrolyte, an anode, and an anode current collector, which is double-sealed by a first inner laminate layer forming a primary seal covered by a second outer polymer layer forming a secondary seal. The second outer polymer layer comprises embedded particles to increase the thermal conductivity of the second outer polymer layer.

In an aspect, a system for battery temperature management in an electric aircraft. In some embodiments, the system includes a plurality of battery cells, comprised of pouch cells. The system includes at least a sensor communicatively connected to a computing device. At least a sensor may be configured to detect temperature. A system also includes a plurality of temperature regulating elements disposed between the plurality of pouch cells. A temperature regulating elements are configured to maintain the temperature of the battery pack. The system also includes a computing device communicatively connected to the plurality of temperature regulating elements. A computing device is configured to determine a target temperature of the plurality of cells and direct the plurality of temperature regulating elements to modify a temperature of the plurality of battery cells as a function of the target temperature.

A vehicle temperature management apparatus includes: a channel selection section that selects at least one of a chiller heat exchange channel, a radiator heat exchange channel, and a heater heat exchange channel as a channel of a refrigerant in a refrigerant circulation circuit; a switching control section that controls the channel switching section such that the channel switching section selects at least one of the chiller heat exchange channel, the radiator heat exchange channel, and the heater heat exchange channel; and an operation control section that controls an operation of a chiller. When the radiator heat exchange channel or the heater heat exchange channel is selected as the channel of the refrigerant, the switching control section controls the channel selection section such that the channel selection section further selects the chiller heat exchange channel, and the operation control section does not operate the chiller.