A battery module including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a housing for the battery cell stack; a pair of busbar frames that cover the front and rear surfaces of the battery cell stack; and a pair of end plates that cover the busbar frames and are coupled to the housing, a busbar mounted on each of the busbar frames, and a thin film layer located between the busbar frame and the respective end plate.

A vehicle includes an electric machine, a battery, an inverter, and a controller. The controller switches the inverter at a switching frequency selected to generate an AC current to heat the battery, adjusts a d-axis current of the electric machine to increase a battery heating power, and adjusts a q-axis current of the electric machine according to the adjusted d-axis current.

A vehicle includes an electric machine, a battery, an inverter, and a controller. The controller switches the inverter at a switching frequency selected to generate an AC current to heat the battery, adjusts a d-axis current of the electric machine to increase a battery heating power, and adjusts a q-axis current of the electric machine according to the adjusted d-axis current.

A battery system includes a plurality of battery modules each formed from a plurality of battery cells. A shared cooling structure is thermally coupled to each of the battery modules. The shared cooling structure is configured to conduct heat relative to the battery modules. A thermal interface is disposed between the battery cells of each battery module and the shared cooling structure. Each thermal interface is configured to transition from a first thermal conductivity state to a second thermal conductivity state when heat generated by the respective battery cells exceeds a threshold level. The second thermal conductivity state is lower than the first thermal conductivity state such that after one of the thermal interfaces has transitioned from the first thermal conductivity state to the second thermal conductivity state, heat transfer from the respective battery cells to the shared cooling structure is reduced.

The battery thermal management system includes a battery pack, a circulation subsystem, and a heat exchanger. The system can optionally include a cooling system, a reservoir, a de-ionization filter, a battery charger, and a controller.

The system can include an on-board thermal management subsystem. The system 100 can optionally include an off-board (extravehicular) infrastructure subsystem. The on-board thermal management subsystem can include: a battery pack, one or more fluid loops, and an air manifold. The system 100 can additionally or alternatively include any other suitable components.

The system can include an on-board thermal management subsystem. The system 100 can optionally include an off-board (extravehicular) infrastructure subsystem. The on-board thermal management subsystem can include: a battery pack, one or more fluid loops, and an air manifold. The system 100 can additionally or alternatively include any other suitable components.

A heating circuit including: a resonance circuit couplable to an energy storage device for providing alternating between a positive input current and a negative input current at the energy storage device when coupled to the energy storage device, wherein the positive input current flows in to the energy storage device and the negative input current flows out of the energy storage device, wherein the resonance circuit provides the alternating stepwise at the energy storage device, with a step between the positive input current and the negative input current wherein no positive input current and negative input current is provided; a controller that controls the resonance circuit to provide the alternating, and the resonance circuit provides the alternating positive and negative input currents at a frequency sufficient to effectively short the internal surface capacitance of the energy storage device to generate heat and raise a temperature of the electrolyte.

A battery system for a machine includes one or more battery module cell bus bars, one or more terminal bus bars, an interconnect system, and a battery module circuit. The one or more terminal bus bars include a coupling configured to couple the battery system to one or more components of the machine. The interconnect system couples the one or more battery module cells to the one or more terminal bus bars. The battery module circuit is coupled to one or more portions of the interconnect system. The battery module circuit includes one or more thermistors positioned at least partially overlapping with the one or more terminal bus bars.

A device for parameter estimation and thermal control of a battery assembly includes a thermal management module electrically connected to the battery assembly, the thermal management module including a circuit configured to generate an alternating current (AC) signal through the battery assembly. The device also includes a controller configured to estimate an internal temperature of the battery assembly based on a response of the circuit and the battery assembly to the AC signal, the AC signal including at least one pulse having a selected amplitude and a selected pulse width. The controller is configured to apply the AC signal to the battery assembly via the thermal management module, detect the response, calculate one or more response parameters based on the response, the one or more response parameters including a calculated resistance of the battery assembly, and estimate the internal temperature based on the calculated resistance.