A flame retardant separator for secondary batteries, and more particularly, a flame retardant separator for secondary batteries comprising or coated with a metal hydroxide having a low Gibbs free energy among polymorphs of a metal hydroxide used as an inorganic flame retardant.

An energy storage module according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a plurality of energy storage devices each including a case; a glass paper sheet provided between the energy storage devices, brought into contact with the case, and mainly composed of a glass fiber; and a holding member holding the plurality of energy storage devices and the glass paper sheet, wherein the glass paper sheet is compressed between the energy storage devices.

An energy storage module according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a plurality of energy storage devices each including a case; a glass paper sheet provided between the energy storage devices, brought into contact with the case, and mainly composed of a glass fiber; and a holding member holding the plurality of energy storage devices and the glass paper sheet, wherein the glass paper sheet is compressed between the energy storage devices.

A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the separator includes an inorganic filler layer which includes a first filler layer containing phosphate salt particles and a second filler layer disposed on the first filler layer and containing inorganic particles more heat resistant than the phosphate salt particles, and the BET specific surface area of the phosphate salt particles is in the range of not less than 5 m.sup.2/g and not more than 100 m.sup.2/g.

A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the separator includes an inorganic filler layer which includes a first filler layer containing phosphate salt particles and a second filler layer disposed on the first filler layer and containing inorganic particles more heat resistant than the phosphate salt particles, and the BET specific surface area of the phosphate salt particles is in the range of not less than 5 m.sup.2/g and not more than 100 m.sup.2/g.

The present application relates to an electrochemical device. The electrochemical device includes: at least one electrode, the at least one electrode having a first surface; and a fiber coating layer, the fiber coating layer including a fiber and being disposed on the first surface. The electrochemical device has the advantages of high energy density, strong liquid retention ability, good drop resistance, good chemical stability and the like since its fiber coating layer has small thickness, high porosity and stronger interfacial adhesion to the electrode.

The present application relates to an electrochemical device. The electrochemical device includes: at least one electrode, the at least one electrode having a first surface; and a fiber coating layer, the fiber coating layer including a fiber and being disposed on the first surface. The electrochemical device has the advantages of high energy density, strong liquid retention ability, good drop resistance, good chemical stability and the like since its fiber coating layer has small thickness, high porosity and stronger interfacial adhesion to the electrode.

A composition can include a carbon nanofiber, wherein a precursor for the carbon nanofiber includes an alcohol and an aldehyde crosslinked by a primary amine. In certain embodiments, the carbon nanofiber can be biotemplated. Biotemplating enables precise control of morphology at the nanometer scale, while molecular templating allows control of carbon nanotexture and structure at the sub-nanometer scale.

A paper suitable for use as a cell-to-cell flame barrier in a battery, and a battery comprising the paper, the paper comprising 40 to 70 weight percent fibrids and 30 to 60 weight percent mica, based on the total weight of the fibrids and mica in the paper; wherein the fibrids comprise a blend of 80 to 20 weight percent polymer and 20 to 80 weight percent aerogel powder, based on the total weight of the polymer and aerogel powder in the fibrids; the paper having a thickness of 100 to 4000 micrometers.

A paper suitable for use as a cell-to-cell flame barrier in a battery, and a battery comprising the paper, the paper comprising 40 to 70 weight percent fibrids and 30 to 60 weight percent mica, based on the total weight of the fibrids and mica in the paper; wherein the fibrids comprise a blend of 80 to 20 weight percent polymer and 20 to 80 weight percent aerogel powder, based on the total weight of the polymer and aerogel powder in the fibrids; the paper having a thickness of 100 to 4000 micrometers.