A transient or biodegradable battery is provided having a filament structure that limits the speed of reaction allowing for a longer duration of battery power with a controlled current limit. In one embodiment, the filament may be constructed of zinc microparticles or nanoparticles having a thin outer insulation whereby a chemical reaction at the center core results in the progressive disintegration of the insulation revealing more core material. In one embodiment, microparticles or nanoparticles are coated with outer layers of chitosan and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 nanofilms, respectively, with designable discharge current and battery lifespan by controlling the exposed cross-sectional area of the zinc microparticle center core and the length of the filament, respectively. This novel structure of biodegradable battery provides improved control of battery life and power output, providing a promising solution to power transient medical implants.

A transient or biodegradable battery is provided having a filament structure that limits the speed of reaction allowing for a longer duration of battery power with a controlled current limit. In one embodiment, the filament may be constructed of zinc microparticles or nanoparticles having a thin outer insulation whereby a chemical reaction at the center core results in the progressive disintegration of the insulation revealing more core material. In one embodiment, microparticles or nanoparticles are coated with outer layers of chitosan and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 nanofilms, respectively, with designable discharge current and battery lifespan by controlling the exposed cross-sectional area of the zinc microparticle center core and the length of the filament, respectively. This novel structure of biodegradable battery provides improved control of battery life and power output, providing a promising solution to power transient medical implants.

An alkaline electrochemical cell includes a cathode, an anode which includes an anode active material, and a non-conductive separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein from about 20% to about 50% by weight of the anode active material relative to a total amount of anode active material has a particle size of less than about 75 μm, and wherein the separator includes a unitary, cylindrical configuration having an open end, a side wall, and integrally formed closed end disposed distally to the open end.

An alkaline electrochemical cell includes a cathode, an anode which includes an anode active material, and a non-conductive separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein from about 20% to about 50% by weight of the anode active material relative to a total amount of anode active material has a particle size of less than about 75 μm, and wherein the separator includes a unitary, cylindrical configuration having an open end, a side wall, and integrally formed closed end disposed distally to the open end.

The present disclosure aims to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which electrode plate deformation in association with charge/discharge cycles is suppressed. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which is one example of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a winding type electrode body (14). The electrode body (14) is provided with a tape (50) adhered to an exposed portion (42) which is provided at an outermost circumferential surface and at which a negative electrode collector is exposed. The tape (50) is adhered to the exposed portion (42) so as not to be overlapped with at least one of a winding-finish side end (31e) of positive electrode mixture layers and a winding-finish side end (41e) of negative electrode mixture layers in a radius direction of the electrode body (14).

An electrochemical apparatus includes an electrode assembly, where the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator are made into the electrode assembly through winding. The electrochemical apparatus further includes a first bonding member. The positive electrode plate includes a first starting section. A first end of the first bonding member is bonded to the first starting section, and a second end of the first bonding member is bonded to the separator.

An electrochemical apparatus includes an electrode assembly, where the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator are made into the electrode assembly through winding. The electrochemical apparatus further includes a first bonding member. The positive electrode plate includes a first starting section. A first end of the first bonding member is bonded to the first starting section, and a second end of the first bonding member is bonded to the separator.

A battery includes a battery case including a housing having side walls defining a first open end and a second open end, the battery case including a separate top cover to cover the first open end of the housing and a separate bottom cover to cover the second open end of the housing; a first electrode located within the case; a second electrode located within the case; a first terminal coupled to the first electrode and exposed outside the case; and a second terminal coupled to the second electrode and exposed outside the case.

An electrode assembly includes a first electrode; a second electrode; a separation membrane interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separation membrane are wound together to form a jelly-roll structure; and an auxiliary separation membrane disposed between the first electrode and the separation membrane in a center of the jelly-roll structure.

An electrode assembly includes a first electrode; a second electrode; a separation membrane interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separation membrane are wound together to form a jelly-roll structure; and an auxiliary separation membrane disposed between the first electrode and the separation membrane in a center of the jelly-roll structure.