A starting aid for discharge lamp arc tubes is characterized by an arc tube having a tubular body wall that longitudinally extends between first and second ends and surrounding an internal arc cavity with first and second electrodes that have conductive feedthroughs to electrically connect to corresponding first and second external arctube leads; an antenna conductor extending longitudinally on an outside surface of the arc tube wall between first and second antenna ends that are located radially outward of corresponding first and second electrodes; and an antenna coupling member comprising a conductive coupling connector that is electrically connected to the first arctube lead, and extends to a coupling end located on the body wall near to the first antenna end and separated from it by a coupling gap of predetermined, non-zero gap dimension.

A wireless device includes at least one radiating system having a redundancy system and a combining system. The redundancy system includes two or more radiation boosters. The radiating system is characterized by its simplicity that facilitates its integration within the wireless device and achieves enhanced radio-electric performance in at least one frequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which may include multiple wireless services. The combining system enables a substantially balanced power distribution among the radiation boosters of the redundancy system, and the radiating system provides an increased robustness to human loading effects in at least one frequency region of operation.

An inductively-coupled plasma processing apparatus for performing an inductively-coupled plasma processing on a rectangular substrate, includes: a processing container; a mounting table for mounting the substrate thereon; a rectangular metal window provided to be electrically insulated from the processing container while facing the mounting table; and an antenna unit for generating an inductively-coupled plasma inside the processing container. The metal window is divided into divided regions electrically insulated from each other by a first division extending in a radial direction toward each corner portion of the metal window. The antenna unit includes a first high-frequency antenna in which antenna segments having planar portions facing an upper surface of the metal window are arranged. Each antenna segment is configured by spirally winding an antenna wire in a vertical direction orthogonal to the upper surface of the rectangular metal window so that a winding axis is parallel to the upper surface.

An inductively-coupled plasma processing apparatus for performing an inductively-coupled plasma processing on a rectangular substrate, includes: a processing container; a mounting table for mounting the substrate thereon; a rectangular metal window provided to be electrically insulated from the processing container while facing the mounting table; and an antenna unit for generating an inductively-coupled plasma inside the processing container. The metal window is divided into divided regions electrically insulated from each other by a first division extending in a radial direction toward each corner portion of the metal window. The antenna unit includes a first high-frequency antenna in which antenna segments having planar portions facing an upper surface of the metal window are arranged. Each antenna segment is configured by spirally winding an antenna wire in a vertical direction orthogonal to the upper surface of the rectangular metal window so that a winding axis is parallel to the upper surface.

The prevent invention provides a light-emitting device for providing a flash light source comprising a light-emitting module and a control module. The light-emitting module comprises a circuit substrate and a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the circuit substrate and electrically connected to the circuit substrate. The control module comprises a semiconductor switch element having a MOSFET for turning the light-emitting elements on or off, wherein the semiconductor switch element is electrically connected to the light-emitting elements thereby the light-emitting elements can flash via the semiconductor switch element alternately turning on and off the light-emitting elements.

This invention is an antenna structure inducing plasma in a chamber with applied alternative power, comprising: a first antenna segment and a second antenna segment arranged based on a virtual central axis to have a first curvature radius and a second curvature radius respectively, the central axis crossing a first plane, and a first capacitive load electrically connecting the first antenna segment and the second antenna segment, wherein the first antenna segment extends from one end of the first capacitive load with the first curvature radius having a first length and the second antenna segment extends from other end of the first capacitive load with the second curvature radius having a second length, and wherein a sum of the first length and the second length is shorter than a circumference of the first curvature radius or the second curvature radius.

This invention is an antenna structure inducing plasma in a chamber with applied alternative power, comprising: a first antenna segment and a second antenna segment arranged based on a virtual central axis to have a first curvature radius and a second curvature radius respectively, the central axis crossing a first plane, and a first capacitive load electrically connecting the first antenna segment and the second antenna segment, wherein the first antenna segment extends from one end of the first capacitive load with the first curvature radius having a first length and the second antenna segment extends from other end of the first capacitive load with the second curvature radius having a second length, and wherein a sum of the first length and the second length is shorter than a circumference of the first curvature radius or the second curvature radius.

Provided is an electrodeless lighting system including a solid state power amplifier (SSPA) configured to generate a microwave having a predetermined frequency, a resonator having a shielding structure configured to shield the microwave having a predetermined frequency so as to prevent the microwave from being discharged to the outside of the resonator, a connector configured to connect the SSPA to the resonator, an antenna configured to discharge the microwave having the predetermined frequency, which is generated in the SSPA, to the resonator, a bulb disposed in the resonator and including a light emitting material that is excited by the microwave having the predetermined frequency to emit light, and a support configured to support the bulb. Here, the antenna is a conductor introduced into the resonator through the connector.

An aircraft communications system may include a RF-transparent enclosure, a plasma antenna element and a controller. The RF-transparent enclosure may be disposed substantially conformal with a portion of the aircraft. The plasma antenna element may be housed within the RF-transparent enclosure. The controller may be operably coupled to the plasma antenna element to provide control of operation of the plasma antenna element. The plasma antenna element may include one or more RF-conductive plasma devices that are selectively ionized to a plasma state under control of the controller.

Various methods, apparatus, devices and systems are provided for electrically short antennas for efficient broadband transmission. In one example, among others, a system includes a segmentally time-variant antenna and a segment controller that can control conductivity of individual segments of the segmentally time-variant antenna. The conductivity of the individual segments is modulated to allow a pulse to propagate from the proximal end to the distal end of the segmentally time-variant antenna and impede a reflection of the pulse from propagating back to the proximal end of the segmentally time-variant antenna. In another embodiment, a method includes injecting a pulse at a first end of a segmentally time-variant antenna and modulating conductivity of individual segments to allow the pulse to propagate to a second end of the segmentally time-variant antenna and impede a reflection of the pulse from propagating back to the first end.