Ferrite films, antennas including ferrite films, and methods of making thereof are provided. The methods can include tape casting of a slurry to produce a green film, wherein the slurry includes a ferrite powder, a dispersant, and a binder in a suitable solvent; and densifying the green film to produce the ferrite film having a thickness of 50 m to 5 mm. The methods can be used to make large area films, for example the films can have a lateral area of about 1000 cm.sup.2 to 3000 cm.sup.2. VHF/UHF antennas are including the ferrite films are also provided.

Systems according to the present disclosure provide one or more surfaces that function as power radiating surfaces for which at least a portion of the radiating surface includes or is composed of fractal cells placed sufficiently closed close together to one another so that a surface wave causes near replication of current present in one fractal cell in an adjacent fractal cell. The fractal cells may lie on a flat or curved sheet or layer and be composed in layers for wide bandwidth or multibandwidth transmission. The area of a surface and its number of fractals determines the gain relative to a single fractal cell. The boundary edges of the surface may be terminated resistively so as to not degrade the cell performance at the edges. The fractal plasmonic surfaces can be utilized to facilitate electrical conduction with lower ohmic resistance than would otherwise be possible in the absence of the fractal plasmonic surface(s) at the same temperature.

Various embodiments are described that relate to a radiating element and an engineered magnetic material. In a communication environment a radiating element can be used to communicate information, such as to send signals. Various factors, including electromagnetic factors, can influence the performance of the radiating element. In one example, if the radiating element becomes too close to a ground plane, then performance of the radiating element can suffer. To counter negative effects of being too close to the ground plane an engineered magnetic material can be employed that causes the radiating element to perform better when relatively close to the ground plane.

Some embodiments are directed to a high impedance surface device. The high impedance surface device can include a set of at least two separate, substantially cylindrical compartments, that have internal surfaces in an electrically conductive material. The compartments each define, at one end, a single aperture, oriented on the same side, and covered by at least one periodic structure of electrically conductive patterns. Each compartment is filled with a dielectric material, and is thus covered forming at least one electromagnetic resonator. Each electromagnetic resonator exhibits a resonant wavelength. The at least two compartments are separated from one another by a distance less than the shortest resonant wavelength exhibited by the resonators that they form. At least two respective resonant wavelengths of the electromagnetic resonators formed by the at least two covered compartments are different, and the periodic structure exhibits a spatial period less than half the shortest resonant wavelength.

Presented is a UWB antenna module configured to implement omni-directional characteristics with respect to bearings even when mounted on a metal ground plane. The presented UWB antenna module comprises: a base sheet; a radiation pattern formed on a front surface of the base sheet; and a ground pattern formed on the front surface of the base sheet and arranged to surround the radiation pattern.

An electronically tunable metasurface whose reflective phase can be electronically reconfigured to allow effective antenna beam steering. First and second double sided substrates define an intermediate region between them containing liquid crystal in a nematic phase. The first substrate has a first microstrip patch array formed on a side thereof that faces the second substrate, the first microstrip patch array comprising a two-dimensional array of microstrip patches each being electrically connected to a common potential. The second double sided substrate has a second microstrip patch array formed on a side thereof that faces the first substrate, the second microstrip patch array comprising a two-dimensional array of microstrip patches each having a respective conductive control terminal. The first microstrip patch array and the second microstrip patch array are aligned to form a two dimensional array of cells, each cell comprising a microstrip patch of the first microstrip patch array arranged in spaced apart opposition to a microstrip patch of the second microstrip patch array with a volume of the liquid crystal located therebetween. The control terminal to the microstrip patch of the microstrip patch second array permitting a control voltage to be applied to the cell to control a dielectric value of the volume of the liquid crystal, thereby permitting a reflection phase of the cell to be selectively tuned.

Antenna carriers with magneto-dielectric material and beam-shaping elements for enhanced performance and radiation safety of electronic devices are described. One electronic device includes a housing, an antenna element disposed on an antenna carrier, and a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed within the housing, the printed circuit board including radio frequency (RF) circuitry. The antenna carrier can be made up of a plastic cap, a ground plane, and a magneto-dielectric substrate with both dielectric and magnetic properties. The plastic cap is disposed at a first side of the housing and the magneto-dielectric substrate is disposed on a top surface of the plastic cap. The antenna element is disposed on a bottom surface of the magneto-dielectric substrate and electrically coupled to the RF circuitry. The antenna element radiates electromagnetic energy in a resonant mode and the magnetic property of the magneto-dielectric material increase efficiency, frequency bandwidth, or both.

Ferrite films, antennas including ferrite films, and methods of making thereof are provided. The methods can include tape casting of a slurry to produce a green film, wherein the slurry includes a ferrite powder, a dispersant, and a binder in a suitable solvent; and densifying the green film to produce the ferrite film having a thickness of 50 m to 5 mm. The methods can be used to make large area films, for example the films can have a lateral area of about 1000 cm.sup.2 to 3000 cm.sup.2. VHF/UHF antennas are including the ferrite films are also provided.

An artificial magnet conductor includes a dielectric medium, basic cells, each being formed on a side of a front surface of the dielectric medium, and including a conductive patch pattern and a conductive loop pattern formed with a predetermined gap with the conductive patch pattern, a frequency selective surface on which the basic cells are periodically arranged on the front surface of the dielectric medium, and a conductive layer formed on a side of a rear surface of the dielectric medium. A phase change from an incident wave to a reflected wave with respect to the dielectric medium is set as an addition value in which a first phase change in the gap is added to a second phase change between the basic cell of the dielectric medium and the conductive layer. A thickness of the dielectric medium is calculated using the addition value.