A positive high-voltage laser having a super-long discharge tube, including a gas storage tube having two ends respectively provided with a reflecting mirror and a light emitting surface; a water cooling tube in the gas storage tube; and a discharge tube inside the water cooling tube having two ends, each provided with an electrode. A liquid circulation space is between the discharge tube and the water cooling tube, and the water cooling tube extends outside the gas storage tube by water inlet and outlet tubes. A cathode is in a cathode chamber at the end of the discharge tube closest to the light emitting surface; a spiral gas return tube communicates with the cathode chamber; an anode circumscribes the outside of the water cooling tube at the other end of the discharge tube. The positive high-voltage laser can increase power with a limited length.

A laser device includes a first laser medium and a second laser medium that have a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and receive input of excitation light and seed light from the first surface side to amplify the seed light, a holder that holds the first laser medium and the second laser medium; and a pair of cooling units that cool the first laser medium and the second laser medium according to change in volume of a refrigerant.

A laser apparatus that can generate a high-quality laser beam is provided. The laser apparatus is provided with a laser medium and an insulation layer. The laser medium has a first surface and a second surface. Incident laser light is incident on the first surface. The second surface totally reflects the incident laser light that is incident to the second surface at an incident angle equal to or larger than a critical angle. The insulation layer covers a second area of the second surface that surrounds a first area of the second surface, the first area totally reflecting the incident laser light. The laser medium is exposed in the first area.

A laser processor includes a laser oscillator housed in a closed housing, an oscillator controller that controls the laser oscillator and is supplied with electric power by a first primary power supply, a dehumidifier that is housed in the closed housing and operates using electric power supplied from a second primary power supply, and a dehumidification controller that controls the dehumidifier and is supplied with electric power by the second primary power supply.

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

A heat storage unit, at least comprises one single-layer closed case (2) that has at least one heat exchange surface (8, 9) and a non-heat exchange surface; the internal space of the closed housing (2) is filled with a foam skeleton (4); the phase change medium (6) is homogeneous distributed in the voids of the foam skeleton (4), and forms a composite material (02) together with the foam skeleton (4), the composite material has a higher thermal conductivity coefficient than that of the pure phase transition medium (6); vibration particles (3) are made of shape memory alloy, pressed into strips and then filled into the voids of the foam copper frame (4) by filtration; the ultrasonic generator (05) emits ultrasonic to induce the vibration particles (3) to generate vibration, the vibration converts the liquid phase transition medium (6) from natural convection or pure heat conduction to forced convection.

A laser system, comprised of: a laser cavity; a gain medium a pump, a saturable absorber (SA); a first mirror and a second mirror; wherein a ratio of an area of the beam area within the SA to an area of the laser beam within the gain medium is greater than 1, and wherein the beam generates a gain medium radius spot on the gain medium and a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber such that a ratio between a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber and the gain medium radius spot on the gain medium is within a range of 1.7-7 is disclosed. A method for using the laser system e.g., for producing a pulsed energy is further disclosed.

Apparatus and methods for producing ultrashort optical pulses are described. A high-power, solid-state, passively mode-locked laser can be manufactured in a compact module that can be incorporated into a portable instrument. The mode-locked laser can produce sub-50-ps optical pulses at a repetition rates between 200 MHz and 50 MHz, rates suitable for massively parallel data-acquisition. The optical pulses can be used to generate a reference clock signal for synchronizing data-acquisition and signal-processing electronics of the portable instrument.

A system includes a heat sink module and a driving circuit module. The heat sink module includes stepped through-holes that each includes a cylindrical upper and lower portions connected by a ring-shaped surface. The bottom surface of the heat sink module includes grooves that respectively pass through the lower portions of respective sequences of the stepped through-holes. The driving circuit module includes conductive connectors and electrical driving surfaces that are disposed external to the heat sink module. Each conductive connector lies within a respective groove in the bottom surface of the heat sink module. The conductive connectors include internal connectors that each link at least two stepped through-holes in a respective sequence of stepped through-holes passed by a respective groove, and include external connectors that each link at least one stepped through-hole in the respective sequence of stepped through-holes to the electrical driving surfaces.

An optical system element includes a first enclosure designed for receiving in circulation a functional fluid and at least one inlet and/or outlet window located on the first enclosure and through which a light beam can pass. The inlet and/or outlet window includes two viewports which delimit a spacer cavity adjacent to the first enclosure. The spacer cavity is designed to receive a second fluid with a predetermined optical index and is equipped with a device for adjusting the pressure therein. Degradation of a beam during its passage through the inlet and/or outlet window can be limited by careful selection of the optical index of the second fluid and the pressure in the spacer cavity.