An intelligent power module and a controller for an air conditioner are provided. For the intelligent power module, an adjust circuit is additionally provided between a respective drive circuit and a respective IGBT transistor. The adjust circuit detects a change in the voltage of a low voltage power supply of the intelligent power module in real time, and disables the output of the module when the voltage is detected to be too low due to fluctuation of the low voltage power supply. This operation releases the charge accumulated in the IGBT transistor, when energy storage of a drive motor causes charge accumulation of the IGBT transistor. The adjust circuit can continue releasing the charge when the low voltage power supply is restored to normal, to prevent the operating reliability of the module from being affected by the impact of the charge on internal circuits of the module.

In a power source system, a high-voltage battery and a low voltage battery are configured to store electric powers to be supplied to a traveling motor and an accessory, respectively. A step-up unit is interposed between the low-voltage battery and the traveling motor, and is configured to step up a voltage of the low-voltage battery and apply the stepped-up voltage to the traveling motor. A controller is configured to perform switching to a normal-time electric power supply circuit, in which the high-voltage battery and the traveling motor are coupled to each other, when the high-voltage battery is in a normal state and perform switching to an abnormal-time electric power supply circuit, in which the low-voltage battery and the traveling motor are coupled to each other via the step-up unit, when the high-voltage battery is in an abnormal state.

This disclosure describes at least embodiments of an aircraft monitoring system for an electric or hybrid airplane. The aircraft monitoring system can be constructed to enable the electric or hybrid aircraft to pass certification requirements relating to a safety risk analysis. The aircraft monitoring system can have different subsystems for monitoring and alerting of failures of a component, such as a battery pack, a motor controller, and/or a motors. The failures that pose a greater safety risk may be monitored and indicated by one or more subsystems without use of programmable components.

A method for determining an interrupted motor phase of an electric motor having at least three windings by means of a control unit is disclosed, wherein voltages induced in the windings are determined on outer conductors of the electric motor by means of at least one measuring unit, wherein the measuring unit is connected to at least one outer conductor of the electric motor via at least one resistor, the induced voltages of the outer conductors of the electric motor are compared with one another, and an interrupted motor phase is registered if the induced voltage differs or if a frequency of the induced voltage differs. A control unit, a computer program and a machine-readable storage medium are also disclosed.

Methods and systems for operating a hybrid electric aircraft propulsion system mounted to an aircraft. The method comprises driving a first rotating propulsor from a first electric motor operatively connected to a generator, driving a second rotating propulsor from a second electric motor operatively connected to the generator, and driving a third rotating propulsor from a thermal engine, the thermal engine operatively connected to the generator and configured to drive the generator.

A functional safety system with high reliability is provided. The functional safety system includes power source apparatuses VS1 and VS2, voltage monitoring apparatuses VM1 and VM2, semiconductor devices SC1 and SC2, interruption circuits IN1 and IN2, and a motor MT. A the voltage converting circuit DA1 of the voltage monitoring apparatus VM1 generates a detected voltage VA1 from a power source voltage VDD1 on the basis of a switching signal VC1, and a voltage converting circuit DA2 of the voltage monitoring apparatus VM1 generates a detected voltage VA2 from the power source voltage VDD1 on the basis of a switching signal VC1.

A motor drive apparatus includes a converter which converts AC power into DC power and outputs it to a DC link, an inverter which converts the DC power of the DC link into AC power for driving a motor, DC link capacitors connected in series with each other, resistors connected in parallel with the DC link capacitors and connected in series with each other, a DC link voltage detection unit, a current-carrying element which is connected between one of connection points connecting the DC link capacitors to each other and one of connection points connecting the resistors to each other, and carries a current when the applied voltage is higher than a predetermined value, and a short-circuit judgment unit which judges that at least one of the DC link capacitors has shorted when the DC link voltage value is larger than an upper limit or smaller than a lower limit.

An electric vehicle includes drive systems, a control apparatus that controls the drive systems, and wheels. Each drive system includes a motor and an inverter coupled by wires. The wires of the drive systems are coupled by first bypass lines. Each inverter converts direct current power supplied from a corresponding power supply into alternating current power and supplies the alternating current power to the corresponding motor. Each motor drives the corresponding wheel. When an abnormality occurs in the supply of the alternating current power from the inverter to the motor in one drive system, the control apparatus performs control (i) to stop the supply of the alternating current power from the inverter of the one drive systems, and (ii) to supply the alternating current power supplied from the inverter to the motor in another drive system, to the motor of the one drive system via the first bypass lines.

The half-bridges driving a multiphase motor are controlled to perform a sequence of operations to support charging a hold capacitor. First, in a brake configuration, the half-bridge transistors are controlled such that either high-side transistors or low-side transistors of the half-bridges are turned on. Second, in an active step-up configuration, the half-bridge transistors are controlled such that the high-side transistor of a first half-bridge and the low-side transistor of a second half-bridge are both turned on and the low-side transistor of the first half-bridge and the high-side transistor of the second half-bridge are both turned off. Third, in an active brake configuration, the half-bridge transistors are controlled such that the low-side transistor of the first half-bridge and the high-side transistor of the second half-bridge are both turned on and the high-side transistor of the first half-bridge and the low-side transistor of the second half-bridge stage are both turned off.

A motor driving device includes: a rectifier circuit for rectifying an AC input voltage supplied from an AC power supply to a DC voltage; a smoothing capacitor for smoothing the rectified DC voltage; a relay that outputs a contact signal when the input voltage is input to the rectifier circuit from the AC power supply; an input voltage detector for detecting the input voltage; a capacitor voltage detector for detecting the capacitor voltage; a volatile first storage; a nonvolatile second storage; and a backup start determiner for determining whether or not to start a backup operation of transferring the information stored in the first storage to the second storage, based on at least one of the contact signal, the input voltage and the capacitor voltage.