A computer implemented method performed in a network node (120), the method comprising configuring an advanced antenna system, AAS, of the network node (120) to generate a relay antenna beam associated with transmission to and from a repeater node (150) of the network node (120), wherein configuring the AAS of the network node (120) comprises receiving information related to the repeater node (150), determining a configuration of the relay antenna beam associated with transmission to and from the repeater node (150) of the network node (120) based on the information, and storing the configuration of the relay antenna beam together with its associated repeater node (150).

Disclosed are a positioning method, apparatus, and device, a storage medium, and a program product. The positioning method may include: acquiring parameter information of at least one Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) and parameter information of a base station, the at least one RIS includes a first RIS; acquiring Angle of Arrival (AOA) information corresponding to at least two signal transmission paths, the at least two signal transmission paths include a first reflection path, the first reflection path including a path for signal transmission between the base station and a target terminal device via the first RIS; and obtaining location information of the target terminal device according to the parameter information of the RIS, the parameter information of the base station, and the AOA information corresponding to the at least two signal transmission paths.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for controlling a reconfigurable intelligent surface. One method (600) includes determining (602), at a controller, a control signal for a reconfigurable intelligent surface to control a configuration of elements of the reconfigurable intelligent surface. The control signal includes a pair of parameters corresponding to two orthogonal directions. The method (600) includes sending (604) the control signal to the reconfigurable intelligent surface to control the configuration of elements of the reconfigurable intelligent surface.

A first method is disclosed, which is performed in a first node. The method is for controlling a radio reflector of a second node by using a first plurality, N, of control coefficients. The radio reflector comprises reflector elements, and each reflector element is controllable by a respective one of the control coefficients. The method comprises representing the first plurality of control coefficients by a second plurality of approximation coefficients for transmission to the second node, wherein the second plurality is smaller than the first plurality, and wherein the second plurality of approximation coefficients comprises two or more, P, groups of approximation coefficients, each group representing a low rank approximation (LRA) of the first plurality of control coefficients, and each group comprising a respective third plurality, R.sub.p, of collections of approximation coefficients. A second method is also disclosed, which is performed in the second node. The method comprises receiving the second plurality of approximation coefficients from the first node, and determining an estimation of the first plurality of control coefficients based on the second plurality of approximation coefficients. A third method is also disclosed, which is performed in a third node. The method comprises determining one or more parameters associated with the second plurality of approximation coefficients, and providing the one or more determined parameters to the first node. Corresponding computer program product, apparatuses, nodes, system, and signaling message are also disclosed.

The technology described herein is directed towards phase-change material-based (e.g., chalcogenide) radio frequency components that can be used in unit cells of a reconfigurable intelligent surface. A tunable device for reconfigurable operation is described, in which the phase shift of each unit-cell of reconfigurable intelligent surface is varied by rotationally controlling the conductive state of the phase-change material. The rotational angle can be selectively controlled by heating elements that change portions of the unit cell's lower-resistance states relative to its higher resistance states, resulting in a phase change of a unit cell with respect to redirecting an electromagnetic wave. By arranging the heating elements below the material, and actuating each one as appropriate to change otherwise-latched resistive or conductive states within the overall unit cell surface, an analog-like device operation is achieved to provide more granular phase shift control of the cells of a reconfigurable intelligent surface.

In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform communicating with a network node or a network device of a communication network to exchange capabilities including a plurality of passive elements which are controlled by an active device for use of at least one particular mode for signalling in the communication network, wherein the active device configures the apparatus to perform: receiving from the network node or the network device a mode selection request for a particular mode; based on the mode selection request and availability of the particular mode, sending towards the network node or the network device a mode selection response, wherein the mode selection response includes an acknowledgement for activation of the particular mode; and operating in the particular mode to enable communication between a network device and the network node via the reconfigurable intelligent surface.

A security enhancement method, performed by a controller controlling a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), may comprise: selecting first RIS elements for a first signal transmitted between a transmitter and a first receiver that is a legitimate receiver, the first RIS elements including at least part of elements of the RIS; transmitting the first signal to the first receiver using the first RIS elements; and dynamically rendering a channel with another receiver or an eavesdropper without changing a channel with the first receiver during a channel coherence time between the transmitter and the first receiver, by changing phase(s) of at least part of the first RIS elements at least once during the channel coherence time.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described that support multiple stages of beamforming for a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). A network entity may configure a RIS controller and a user equipment (UE) with a multi-stage beamforming configuration for a RIS. The configuration may be associated with multiple stages of beamforming that include a first stage and one or more second stages that refine one or more characteristics of the first stage. The network entity may also transmit a message indicating a beam training procedure for one or more of the multiple stages, where the beam training procedure may include communicating reference signals between the network entity and the UE, via the RIS. The network entity and the UE may perform the beam training procedure, and based on a result of the beam training procedure the RIS controller may configure one or more beamforming matrices for the RIS.

Various examples of the disclosure pertain to be management at a coverage enhancing device. A location of a wireless communication device can be detected based on a beacon signal that is emitted by a beacon of the wireless communication device and an appropriate spatial filter can be selected at the coverage enhancing device. Prioritization between different wireless communication devices is possible.

A computer implemented method performed in a network node (120), the method comprising configuring an advanced antenna system, AAS, of the network node (120) to generate a relay antenna beam associated with transmission to and from a repeater node (150) of the network node (120), the method further comprising generating at least two different first synchronization signals, and transmitting the at least two different first synchronization signals via the relay antenna beam towards the repeater node (150).