A photovoltaic, PV, module level monitoring system (1) comprising a photovoltaic array (PVA) including at least one photovoltaic string (PVS) comprising photovoltaic modules, PVM, (5) each having a module level device, MLD, (4) adapted to monitor and/or to control the associated photovoltaic module, PVM, (5), wherein each module level device, MLD, (4) comprises a transceiver adapted to communicate with a transceiver of a base station (2) of an inverter (6) connected to said photovoltaic array (PVA), wherein the transceivers are coupled by associated duplexer circuits (7) to a DC power network comprising power cables (3) connecting the photovoltaic modules, PVM, (5) of the at least one photovoltaic string (PVS) of said photovoltaic array (PVA) with the base station (2) of the inverter (6), wherein a signal amplitude of a communication signal, CS, transmitted by a transceiver via its associated duplexer circuit (7) is adjusted automatically depending on a monitored impedance, Z.sub.PV, of the respective photovoltaic array (PVA).

An information processing device to enable a user to create a program with visual operations, and to enable the stable implementation of many functions with a small number of devices. In a basic core, a pairing unit executes pairing with a user terminal that executes control for causing functional modules, to exhibit prescribed functions. A transmission information generation unit generates transmission information including: prescribed information to be used by the functional modules, to exhibit the prescribed functions or while exhibiting the prescribed functions on the basis of the control by the user terminal; and information indicating a transmission destination, which is one of the functional modules. A connection unit executes control to superimpose the transmission information on a signal for supplying power to the functional modules in the form of electric current and to transmit the signal to the functional modules.

An interface circuit, a string, and a system that are applied to power line communication, to lower device specifications, includes: an inverter, an optimizer group, a capacitor, a magnetic ring, power lines, and a signal line. An optimizer in the optimizer group is configured to adjust a size of a direct current output by a photovoltaic module connected to the optimizer. Two ends of the signal line passing through the magnetic ring are connected to the inverter. Two ends of a power line passing through the magnetic ring are respectively connected to the capacitor and the optimizer group. By using the foregoing interface circuit, a high voltage of a direct current output by the optimizer group is prevented from being introduced into the inverter, thereby reducing a specification requirement of a device such as a capacitor.

Provided is a power line communication device for use in an electric power generation system. The power line communication device is provided with: a positive input terminal connected to a positive pole of an electric generator; a negative input terminal connected to a negative pole of the electric generator; a positive output terminal connected to the downstream side of a power line for transmitting electric power generated by the electric generator; a negative output terminal connected to the upstream side of the power line; a current pulse generator which is connected between the negative input terminal and the positive output terminal and generates a current pulse in the power line; and a controllable unidirectional device which is connected between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal and is capable of performing impedance control.

The invention relates to a control for an electrical energy supply unit, comprising a first filling level input, to which a first filling level of a first energy store of the electrical energy supply unit can be transmitted. In addition, the control comprises a further filling level input, to which a further filling level of an optional further energy store of a further electrical energy supply unit can be transmitted. Furthermore, the control comprises a nominal alternating voltage determiner which is designed to determine a nominal alternating voltage while taking into account the first filling level and/or the further filling level. In addition, the control comprises a nominal alternating voltage output, from which the nominal alternating voltage can be transmitted to an alternating voltage generator of the electrical energy supply unit. An electrical energy supply unit comprises a control according to the invention, a first energy store and an alternating voltage generator having a first and a second terminal. The first terminal of the alternating voltage generator is connected to the first energy store in an electrically conductive manner. The alternating voltage generator is designed to generate at the second terminal an alternating voltage that corresponds to a nominal alternating voltage. An electrical energy supply system comprises an electrical energy supply unit according to the invention and at least one additional electrical energy supply unit according to the invention, which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner.

Provided is a power line communication device for use in an electric power generation system. The power line communication device is provided with: a positive input terminal connected to a positive pole of an electric generator; a negative input terminal connected to a negative pole of the electric generator; a positive output terminal connected to the downstream side of a power line for transmitting electric power generated by the electric generator; a negative output terminal connected to the upstream side of the power line; a current pulse generator which is connected between the negative input terminal and the positive output terminal and generates a current pulse in the power line; and a controllable unidirectional device which is connected between the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal and is capable of performing impedance control.

Disclosed herein are two-wire communication systems and applications thereof. In some embodiments, a slave node transceiver for low latency communication may include upstream transceiver circuitry to receive a first signal transmitted over a two-wire bus from an upstream device and to provide a second signal over the two-wire bus to the upstream device; downstream transceiver circuitry to provide a third signal downstream over the two-wire bus toward a downstream device and to receive a fourth signal over the two-wire bus from the downstream device; and clock circuitry to generate a clock signal at the slave node transceiver based on a preamble of a synchronization control frame in the first signal, wherein timing of the receipt and provision of signals over the two-wire bus by the node transceiver is based on the clock signal.

A method and a device can be used to transmit data onboard a watercraft using an onboard power supply network. A central control unit generates an instruction for a first consumer module. The instruction is transmitted from the central control unit via a first control unit-head station data connection to a first head station. The first head station converts the instruction into an instruction signal that is transmittable via the power supply network. The instruction signal is transmitted from the first head station via a first head station-power line data connection, the power supply network, and a first coupling module-power line data connection to a first coupling module. From the instruction signal, the first coupling module again generates an instruction that can be transmitted via a data connection. The instruction is transmitted from the first coupling module via a first coupling module-consumer data connection to the first consumer module.

A communication system can include a first transceiver device and a second transceiver device that can communicate digital baseband data via a direct current (DC) power line bus in the wellbore. One or more of the transceivers includes a coupler for the DC power line bus for transceiving data via the DC power line bus with the other transceiver device, modulation circuitry, demodulation circuitry, and compensator circuitry. The compensator circuitry can be communicatively coupled to the coupler for providing an operating point to the coupler in response to both the modulation circuitry and the demodulation circuitry being in an idle state, to reduce effects of low frequency drift and noise in signals.

A photovoltaic, PV, module level monitoring, MLM, system (1) comprising a base station, BS, (2) connected by means of power cables (3) to module level devices, MLD, (4) which are provided to monitor and/or to control associated photovoltaic modules, PVMs, (5), wherein the base station, BS, (2) comprises a base station transmitter (2A) adapted to transmit Rapid Shut Down, RSD, control signals, CS, in predefined time slots, TS.sub.CS, in a downlink channel, DL-CH, through said power cables (3) to said module level devices, MLDs, (4) and a base station receiver (2B) adapted to receive monitoring signals, MS, generated by said module level devices, MLDs, (4) through said power cables (3) within time slots, TS.sub.MS, via an uplink channel, UL-CH, assigned to the module level devices, MLDs, (4).