Disclosed are methods and apparatus to utilize virtual timing markers to improve transmission and reception of electronic or optic signals having timing markers such as zero-to-one transitions. Physical timing markers are augmented or substituted with relocatable messages containing displacements or time offsets to other physical timing markers in a reference signal waveform. Additionally disclosed are virtual timing marker methods to improve transmission performance, qualities, operation, or use, such as timing markers that can overlap other timing markers or other signal content waveforms, seamlessly span over intermittent signals, or reference the more precise underlying signal carrier waveforms as well as timing marker error detection and correction, dispersed redundant timing markers, statistical precision enhancement, concealing timing markers from jammers, subscriber access by encryption, increased signal content efficiency, and reduced multiplexing. These are beneficial in handling and relaying high precision positioning-navigation-and-timing signals, or for piggybacking them on other purpose signals.

A method for transmitting time synchronization messages in a communication network between a master clock and a slave clock to be synchronized with the time of the master clock. A network component of the communication network receives the time synchronization messages on one port and sends the time synchronization messages on another port. The network component determines a dwell time of a respective time synchronization message between the receipt and the sending with an internal clock and transmits dwell-time information to the slave clock. The slave clock synchronizes to the master clock using the received time synchronization messages and the associated dwell-time information. In order to perform accurate determination of the dwell-time information in a network component with an internal clock having comparatively low accuracy, the network component suspends all other messages within a time period in which the network component expects to receive a time synchronization message.

A display method is for a display apparatus to display an image, and includes: obtaining a captured display image and a decode target image by an image sensor capturing an image of a subject; obtaining a light ID by decoding the decode target image; transmitting the light ID to a server; obtaining, from the server, an AR image and recognition information which are associated with the light ID; recognizing a region according to the recognition information as a target region from the captured display image; and displaying the captured display image in which the AR image is superimposed on the target region.

The invention concerns a method for the periodic detecting of measured values in a real-time computer system, especially a distributed real-time computer system, which real-time computer system, especially a distributed real-time computer system, comprises a plurality of sensors, especially intelligent sensors, node computers and distribution units, wherein the sensors, especially intelligent sensors, the node computers and the distribution units have access to a global time, and wherein real-time data is transported in the real-time computer system by means of time-triggered real-time messages, wherein periodically recurring global observation times (220) are established or will be established in the real-time computer system at the beginning of a frame, and wherein each node computer controlling a sensor, especially a physical sensor, puts out a trigger signal to the sensor, especially the physical sensor, at a sensor-specific trigger time (210) of the sensor controlled by the node computer, which specific trigger time (210) is calculated from the difference between the global observation time (220) minus a sensor-specific startup interval (215).

Generally discussed herein are systems, apparatuses, and methods for providing an accurate and stable time base. A device can include a voter to receive a plurality of time source values, determine a central time value, and determine which of the plurality of time source values are valid, a deviance checker to determine a deviance set, a discrete time selector to provide a selector identification identifying which of the time source values is selected, and a network interface to provide a time value based on the selected time source value.

A clock generator for generating a clock equivalent to a target clock which is an input clock divided by a non-integer ratio is disclosed. The clock generator comprises a clock divider configured to receive the input clock and divide the input clock with a reconfigurable dividing ratio; and a control circuit controlling operations of the clock divider to divide the input clock by a first dividing ratio to generate a first number of cycles of a first clock in a frame, and divide the input clock by a second dividing ratio to generate a second number of cycles of a second clock in the frame, wherein a difference between a period of the frame and a cumulative time of the first number of cycles of the first clock and the second number of cycles of the second clock is less than a threshold value.

A system and method for correcting clock discrepancy in simultaneous network traffic data captures in a multi-tiered, multi-session environment. The invention uses intrinsic constraints imposed by the nature of the traffic onto the possible temporal sequence of the packets, The invention uses the intrinsic restraints of the network architecture and the protocols used at each segment along with the time stamps in the various segments to determine both an offset and scale correction to the clock readings (timestamps) in the traces in order to obtain a correct temporal sequence of packets when using multiple capture agents/engines/network monitors.

An apparatus and method for use with a shared access communication channel is disclosed. A wireless network device receives signals and recovers data from a first plurality of subscriber units and a second plurality of subscriber units in a time interval. Received signals from the first plurality of subscriber units are distinguishable by having unique pseudo noise (PN) sequence with respect to others of the first plurality of subscriber units. Received signals the second plurality of subscriber units are distinguishable by a unique orthogonal sequence with respect to others of the second plurality of subscriber units. Received signals are distinguished between the first and second plurality of subscriber units based on detection of an orthogonal sequence present only in the received signals from the second plurality of subscriber units.

The present disclosure provides a synchronization circuit, including M group synchronization signal generating circuits and a node synchronization signal generating circuit. For the synchronization circuit provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, synchronization indication signals can be separately generated by a plurality of group synchronization signal generating circuits, so as to drive a node synchronization signal generating circuit to generate synchronization signals, thereby efficiently implementing synchronization control over a plurality of nodes in a multi-node environment.

A network device provides output data rate control having variable bandwidth and a response time constant that increases according to an amount of time that an input rate of data to the network device is evaluated by the logic to provide output data rate control. The device applies a rate estimate when a determination of the output rate to a predetermined accuracy is unavailable.