Disclosed herein is a method, a computer program product, and a carrier for indicating one-way latency in a data network (N) between a first node (A) and a second node (B), wherein the data network (N) lacks continuous clock synchronization, comprising: a pre-synchronisation step, a measuring step, a post-synchronisation step, an interpolation step, and generating a latency profile. The present invention also relates to a computer program product incorporating the method, a carrier comprising the computer program product, and a method for indicating server functionality based on the first aspect.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for generic mapping procedure (GMP) mapping, which includes: first the information about a adjusted time slot to be occupied by a second GMP block container is carried in the GMP overhead of a first GMP block container; then, the size of the second GMP block container is adjusted in accordance with the inforamtion; eventually, a client signal is mapped into the adjusted second GMP block container adopting a GMP scheme. This GMP mapping method, when working with a corresponding demapping method, provides lossless mapping and demapping of client signals during the process of bandwidth adjusting.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for generic mapping procedure (GMP) mapping, which includes: first the information about a adjusted time slot to be occupied by a second GMP block container is carried in the GMP overhead of a first GMP block container; then, the size of the second GMP block container is adjusted in accordance with the inforamtion; eventually, a client signal is mapped into the adjusted second GMP block container adopting a GMP scheme. This GMP mapping method, when working with a corresponding demapping method, provides lossless mapping and demapping of client signals during the process of bandwidth adjusting.

A method and apparatus for controlling delay over a data path in a device for transporting Ethernet packets over an optical transport network. The device is configured to receive an incoming clock signal having a first frequency and an incoming data signal and to output an outgoing clock signal having a second frequency and an outgoing data signal. One or more delays over the data path in the device are measured in a predetermined measurement period. A phase adjustment amount is determined based on the one or more measured delays over the data path in the predetermined measurement period, and based on the determining phase adjustment amount, a phase of the outgoing clock signal is adjusted by a phase locked loop in such a way that the delay over the data path in the device is substantially equal to a fixed delay value.

A method and apparatus for controlling delay over a data path in a device for transporting Ethernet packets over an optical transport network. The device is configured to receive an incoming clock signal having a first frequency and an incoming data signal and to output an outgoing clock signal having a second frequency and an outgoing data signal. One or more delays over the data path in the device are measured in a predetermined measurement period. A phase adjustment amount is determined based on the one or more measured delays over the data path in the predetermined measurement period, and based on the determining phase adjustment amount, a phase of the outgoing clock signal is adjusted by a phase locked loop in such a way that the delay over the data path in the device is substantially equal to a fixed delay value.

A frame generating apparatus accommodating a client signal in an optical data transfer unit frame with a higher bit rate than the client signal includes a deserializer, a plurality of generic mapping procedure circuits, and a serializer. The deserializer deserializes the client signal into parallel signals, the number of parallel signals corresponding to the number of tributary slots used in the optical data transfer unit frame. The plurality of generic mapping procedure circuits inserts data and stuff into a frame accommodating portion of the optical data transfer unit frame based on a difference in the bit rate between the client signal and the optical data transfer unit frame. The serializer serializes the parallel signals output from the plurality of generic mapping procedure circuits.

Methods and devices for transmitting a continuous bit stream in a digital network non-synchronous with the bit stream are disclosed. In one aspect, the method includes digitizing a continuous bit stream implemented by a transmitting apparatus and restoring the continuous bit stream implemented by a receiving apparatus. A processor of the transmitting apparatus digitizes the initial continuous bit stream into a binary data sequence to be transmitted at a nominal frequency corresponding to a set clock period, the binary data to be transmitted being encapsulated in at least one transport frame sent to the receiving apparatus. The digitization includes estimating a mean emission clock period value of the data sequence, and inserting, in a predetermined field of the transport frame, information making it possible to restore, in the receiving apparatus, the mean emission clock period value of the data sequence.

The present application discloses a service sending method, receiving method, device, system, and storage medium. The service sending method includes: sending, by a sending end, a service flow, a target information block of the service flow carrying position information, and the position information being used for indicating a relative position of the target information block in the service flow.

A circuit includes an input configured to receive a plurality of client signals; a generic mapping procedure (GMP) block configured to map each of the plurality of client signals into a corresponding server signal; and a time-sliced GMP processor connected to the GMP block, and that operates in a time-sliced manner where the time-sliced GMP processor operates on each of the plurality of client signals, and wherein the time-sliced GMP processor is configured to perform a modified sigma-delta computation configured to determine data and stuff for a payload of each of the corresponding server signals. The plurality of client signals can be Ethernet and the corresponding server signal can be an optical transport network (OTN) signal.

Exemplary embodiments described herein include systems, methods, and nodes for distributing relay wireless devices across an access node. Network identification numbers associated with at least two wireless devices may be determined. At an access node, a traffic class identifier and frequency band may be assigned to the at least two wireless devices, wherein each frequency band available for communication at the access node is assigned at most a maximum number of wireless devices comprising a network identification number that meets the criteria. Data may then be communicated between the access node and the at least two wireless devices according to the assigned traffic class identifiers and frequency bands, wherein the wireless devices comprise relay wireless devices that relay data between the access node and one or more small cells.