Example data transmission methods and apparatus are disclosed. One example method includes receiving a first data packet. When a first ring node detects that a link between the first ring node and a second ring node on a first ring port is faulty, it is determined whether the received first data packet is a wrapped data packet. If the first data packet is a non-wrapped data packet, a second ring port is determined based on the first ring port, the first data packet is wrapped into a wrapped data packet to generate a second data packet, and the second data packet is forwarded through the second ring port.

In various embodiments, the present disclosure provides a system comprising a first plurality of processing cores, ones of the first plurality of processing cores coupled to a respective core interface module among a first plurality of core interface modules, the first plurality of core interface modules configured to be coupled to form in a first ring network of processing cores; a second plurality of processing cores, ones of the second plurality of processing cores coupled to a respective core interface module among a second plurality of core interface modules, the second plurality of core interface modules configured to be coupled to form a second ring network of processing cores; a first global interface module to form an interface between the first ring network and a third ring network; and a second global interface module to form an interface between the second ring network and the third ring network.

A method and system are devised for improved Interconnecting ring transition from open to closed state. The Interconnecting ring comprises a Media redundancy Interconnection Manager, MIM and at least three Media redundancy Interconnection Clients, MICs, the MIM being in Link Check, LC, mode. When the Interconnecting ring is in open state, and upon the MIM receiving a first one of first INLNK_UP MRP frames sent by one of the MICs, the MIM starts sending periodic second INLNK_UP MRP frames, changes to Check Interconnection, Interconnection Closed State, CHK_IC, state and the Interconnecting ring to closed state, if the MIM receives one of the second INLNK_UP MRP frames, or a second one of the first INLNK_UP MRP frames.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for restoring a MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) ring network in the event of a network link failure. The MPLS ring network comprises a path for traffic around the ring comprising a plurality of sequential Label Switched Paths (LSPs). The method comprises, at a network node in the MPLS ring network: detecting a failure along a network link traversed by a first LSP having an end point at the network node; in response to the detecting, encapsulating an Ethernet Ring Protocol (ERP) restoration message in a restoration pseudowire; and transmitting the restoration pseudowire within a second LSP over a subsequent network link. The method also comprises, at a network node in the MPLS ring network: receiving a first LSP comprising a pseudowire; detecting that the pseudowire is a restoration pseudowire comprising an Ethernet Ring Protocol (ERP) restoration message; and in response to the detecting, processing the ERP restoration message. There is also provided a network node for an MPLS ring network, and an MPLS ring network.

This application discloses a packet processing method, apparatus, and system, and belongs to the communications field. In the packet processing method, a first device receives a first packet sent by a second device. The first packet includes identifier information and first authentication information of an Ethernet ring. The first device is an edge device of the Ethernet ring, and the second device is a device outside the Ethernet ring. The first device verifies the validity of the first packet based on the identifier information and the first authentication information. The first device processes the first packet after verifying that the first packet is valid. This method improves the security of Ethernet ring networks.

The invention relates to a bus node, which can be connected to a building services bus, which bus node comprises a supply unit and a control unit, wherein the supply unit is designed to output a measurement current onto the building services bus, and wherein the control unit is designed to sense and evaluate a bus current on the building services bus and, on the basis of the evaluation, to determine whether an operating current is output onto the building services bus by the supply unit.

A data transmission architecture, in particular for use in on-board avionics is disclosed. The data transmission architecture includes at least one main data transmission network with integrated functional nodes for connecting a plurality of peripheral data transmission networks to the main network, in order to provide data transmission between the networks. The data transmission architecture also includes a direct connection of peripheral networks to one another so as to allow the transmission of data directly between the peripheral networks without passing through the main network. The main network includes a plurality of associated sub-networks.

A system and method for facilitating communication between one or more of a plurality of user virtual machines and external devices is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of uplink bridges configured to facilitate communication between the plurality of user virtual machines and the external devices, a plurality of local bridges, with each of the plurality of user virtual machines being connected to one or more of the plurality of local bridges, and a first multiplexing bridge connected to the plurality of local bridges. The first multiplexing bridge is configured to direct data between the plurality of user virtual machines and the plurality of uplink bridges. The system also includes a second multiplexing bridge connected to the first multiplexing bridge and the plurality of uplink bridges. The second multiplexing bridge is configured to direct the data between the first multiplexing bridge and the plurality of uplink bridges.

Examples herein involve establishing communication links between a first ring protection network in communication with a service network and a second ring protection network in communication with a service network, the communication links between the first ring protection network and the second ring protection network to form a management network ring; determining an owner of the management network ring; and establishing a single uplink between one network module of the management network ring and the service network.

Apparatus including, and methods of operating a communications network having a common data bus communicatively coupled to control devices, non-control devices, and network appliances. The control devices control corresponding equipment components of a well construction system. One of the network appliances implements a gateway disposed between the common data bus and a corresponding control device and/or non-control device to translate communications to a common protocol for transmission on the common data bus. One of the network appliances implements a firewall disposed between the common data bus and a corresponding non-control device to permit or prohibit communications to be transmitted to the common data bus.