The telco-grade server/Ethernet network switch is the most compacted-size design with a 1.5 U or 2 U height chassis. A high-speed backplane to connect with all boards, including server/Ethernet switch board, LAN port interface board, power supply board, management board and fan module board and hot-swappable feature supported. Two equal switches are accommodated within chassis to perform two independent switches or one switch with telco-grade to meet high reliability request, such as 99.999% reliability.

The telco-grade server/Ethernet network switch is the most compacted-size design with a 1.5 U or 2 U height chassis. A high-speed backplane to connect with all boards, including server/Ethernet switch board, LAN port interface board, power supply board, management board and fan module board and hot-swappable feature supported. Two equal switches are accommodated within chassis to perform two independent switches or one switch with telco-grade to meet high reliability request, such as 99.999% reliability.

A troubleshooting method, a device, and a readable storage medium are provided, to detect a unidirectional fault in a ring Ethernet and provide a fault recovery mechanism after the unidirectional fault occurs. In embodiments of this application, if determining that a link corresponding to a receiving unit of a first port is in a fault status, the first device performs loopback on the first port, and sends a first continuity check message to a second device via the first port. The first continuity check message carries first indication information. The first indication information indicates that a link corresponding to a receiving unit of a port that sends the first indication information is in a fault status.

A troubleshooting method, a device, and a readable storage medium are provided, to detect a unidirectional fault in a ring Ethernet and provide a fault recovery mechanism after the unidirectional fault occurs. In embodiments of this application, if determining that a link corresponding to a receiving unit of a first port is in a fault status, the first device performs loopback on the first port, and sends a first continuity check message to a second device via the first port. The first continuity check message carries first indication information. The first indication information indicates that a link corresponding to a receiving unit of a port that sends the first indication information is in a fault status.

A PCIe-based communications system includes a first processor and a plurality of switches, the plurality of switches include a first switch and a second switch, a first link exists between the first processor and the first switch, a second link exists between the first switch and the second switch, and a first standby link is configured between the first processor and the second switch. If the first link and the second link are not faulty, communicating, by the first processor, with the second switch through the first link and the second link; or if the first link or the second link is faulty, activating the first standby link, and communicating, by the first processor, with the second switch through the activated first standby link. Thereby stability of the communications system can be improved.

Example security systems for use between at least one upstream router and at least one downstream router, are described. A group or pool of security devices can be used to provide stateful security to bidirectional packet flows between upstream and downstream routers. The packets of the bidirectional flows are forwarded to particular security devices based on a consistent hash ring process. For a given flow, bidirectional state information is synchronized among some, but not all, of the security devices. The security devices among which such bidirectional flow state information is shared are determined using the same consistent hash ring process.

A network control device includes a storage and a processor. The storage stores an identifying value and a severity value for each of network elements. The identifying values are hierarchized based on inclusion relationships between the network elements. The severity values respectively indicate a severity in sharing a risk of a failure in the network elements. When first and second paths are designated, the processor detects, for each of a plurality of target identifying values corresponding to a plurality of network elements implementing the first path, a longest matched identifying value having a longest region matching the target identifying value from among a plurality of identifying values corresponding to a plurality of network elements implementing the second path. The processor calculates a sum of severity values corresponding to the detected longest matched identifying values, and evaluates the second path for the first path based on the sum.

Disclosed herein are a system, non-transitory computer readable medium, and method for monitoring and replaying packets. A network tap forwards packets from a first network to a second network. At least one node in the first network has the same IP address as a node in the second network. The packets are replayed in the second network.

A method supports service level agreement monitoring in a software defined network. The software defined network has forwarding elements and a software defined network controller for controlling the forwarding elements. Data flows are transmitted between a first end-path forwarding element, of the forwarding elements, and a second end-path forwarding element, of the forwarding elements, via at least one intermediate forwarding element, of the forwarding elements. The software defined network controller configures the intermediate forwarding element such that a probe triggering packet is generated based on local information of the intermediate forwarding element. The software defined network controller configures at least one of the first end-path forwarding element or the second end-path forwarding element such that an end-to-end probing is triggered based on receiving the probe triggering packet. The end-to-end probing is performed in order to detect a service level agreement violation.

Systems and methods for transparent high availability for customer virtual machines using a hypervisor-based side channel bonding and monitoring are disclosed herein. The method can include creating a network path bond between at least one compute instance and a plurality of Network Virtualization Devices (“NVD”), the network path bond including a plurality of network paths, each network path connecting the compute instance with the Virtualized Network Interface Card (“VNIC”) of one of the plurality of NVDs, identifying a first one of the network paths as an active network path and a second one of the network paths as an inactive network path, performing a health check on the active network path, determining that the active network path failed the health check, marking the first one of the network paths as failed subsequent to determining that the active network path failed the health check, and identifying the second one of the network paths as the active network path.