A method in a Gateway General packet radio service Support Node, GGSN, for transferring a service identifier from a packet core network to a radio network is provided. The GGSN adds a service identifier in a General packet radio service Tunneling Protocol for User Plane, GTP-U, header extension of a data packet. The service identifier comprises information about what service and/or traffic pattern that the packet concerns. The GGSN sends the data packet with the GTP-U header extension to a radio network.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for obtaining application requirements for vehicle-to-everything applications. One method (1000) includes receiving (1002) at least one application requirement from at least one vehicle-to-everything application. The method (1000) includes receiving (1004) at least one provisioning parameter, wherein the at least one provisioning parameter is determined for a plurality of vehicle-to-everything user equipments based on the at least one application requirement, and the plurality of vehicle-to-everything user equipments are serviced by a plurality of communication networks.

Mapping information of a bearer or quality of service can be communicated from a Wireless Local Area Network Termination (WT) to the enhanced Node B (eNB), which then uses radio resource control (RRC) signaling to communicate the mapping to the user equipment (UE). For example, three options can be used to communicate mapping information: (1) Operations and Management (OAM), (2) Semi-static Xw-AP signaling (e.g., WT Configuration Update or Xw Setup procedures) or (3) Dynamic Xw-AP procedures (e.g., WT Addition Request procedure). In some embodiments, the mapping can be signaled by (1) bearer to wireless local area networks (WLAN) access category (AC) mapping or (2) long term evolution (LTE) quality of service class identifier (QCI) to WLAN AC mapping.

This application discloses a communications method and apparatus. The method includes: sending, by a session management network element, first indication information when the session management network element determines, based on first information, to establish a first low-latency service flow for a session; and the first indication information is used to indicate to set the session to an always-on session. According to solutions of this application, when determining, based on the local configuration information, the subscription data, and the QoS parameter, to establish the low-latency service flow, the session management network element flexibly indicates a terminal apparatus to set the session to the always-on session. This avoids a resource waste caused by setting the session to the always-on session all the time, and avoids a transmission latency caused when the session is not set to the always-on session in time, so that resource utilization and transmission efficiency are improved.

An electronic device may receive multiple uplink packets or frames associated with a second electronic device. Then, based at least in part on information included in or associated with the group, the electronic device may unilaterally calculate the QoS of the multiple uplink packets or frames. Moreover, the electronic device may provide the multiple uplink packets of frames to a third electronic device. Next, the electronic device may receive multiple downlink packets or frames associated with the third electronic device. Furthermore, the electronic device may provide the multiple downlink packets or frames to the second electronic device, where additional multiple uplink packets or frames and/or the multiple downlink packets or frames have a priority corresponding to the calculated QoS.

A method for optimizing group communication services, the method including determining a current location and an assigned home server for one or more devices associated with each of a plurality of group members, determining whether the one or more devices of the plurality of group members has moved to a visiting location, wherein the visiting location is a location outside of locations associated with the assigned home server based on the current location and assigned home server for the one or more devices, and assigning a group control application server associated with the visiting location to the to the one or more devices to serve as the assigned home server.

A method for optimizing group communication services, the method including determining a current location and an assigned home server for one or more devices associated with each of a plurality of group members, determining whether the one or more devices of the plurality of group members has moved to a visiting location, wherein the visiting location is a location outside of locations associated with the assigned home server based on the current location and assigned home server for the one or more devices, and assigning a group control application server associated with the visiting location to the to the one or more devices to serve as the assigned home server.

A system for optimizing dynamic multi-stream network connections and methods for making and using the same. In various embodiments, the system advantageously can use a full bandwidth available between two network appliances connected by a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) network connection with well-defined round-trip time (RTT) latency and changing bandwidth, among other things.

A system for optimizing dynamic multi-stream network connections and methods for making and using the same. In various embodiments, the system advantageously can use a full bandwidth available between two network appliances connected by a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) network connection with well-defined round-trip time (RTT) latency and changing bandwidth, among other things.

A data transmission method in which a UE initiates a TSC communication request to establish a TSC transmission channel between a first UE and a second UE is provided. The method includes receiving a TSC communication request that is transmitted by a first UE and that carries a first TSC session requirement parameter, determining a QoS requirement of a first service flow and a QoS requirement of a second service flow according to the first TSC session requirement parameter, and transmitting the QoS requirement of the first service flow to a first PCF, the QoS requirement of the first service flow being for being mapped to a QoS policy of the first service flow by using the first PCF, and transmitting the QoS requirement of the second service flow to a second PCF, the QoS requirement of the second service flow being mapped to a QoS policy of the second service flow by using the second PCF, and the QoS policy of the first service flow and the QoS policy of the second service flow being respectively used for establishing a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow by a first SMF and a second SMF. Apparatus and non-transitory computer-readable medium counterpart embodiments are also provided.