A method and system for dynamically controlling connection-request transmission in a cell provided by an access node, the access node supporting access attempts by user equipment devices (UEs), each access attempt including the UE engaging in random access signaling with the access node and the UE then engaging in up to a maximum allowed number of connection-request transmissions to the access node in an effort to ensure successful receipt by the access node of a connection request from the UE, where an access block occurs if the access node does not successfully receive connection-request transmission from the UE through the maximum allowed number connection-request transmissions. An example method includes (i) determining an extent to which the cell has experienced such access blocks and (ii) using the determined extent as a basis to dynamically set a maximum allowed number of connection-request transmissions per access attempt in the cell.

In one embodiment, a source transmits one or more data packets to a destination over a primary pseudowire (PW). When a device on the primary PW detects a downstream failure of the primary PW, and in response to receiving one or more data packets from a source from the failed primary PW, the device adds a loopback packet identifier to the one or more received data packets, and returns the one or more data packets with the loopback packet identifier to the source upstream on the primary PW. Accordingly, in response to receiving the data packet returned with a loopback packet identifier from the primary PW (in response to the downstream failure), the source retransmits the one or more data packets to the destination over a backup PW.

A segment identifier (SID) manager interfaces with clients by way of a library. Clients implementing network services and needing SIDs according to internet SRv6, are allocated blocks by the SID manager using the library. Clients assign SIDs from the block independent of the SID manager using the library. Where a threshold portion of the block is assigned, the library requests an additional block of SIDs from the SID manager. Clients transmit context mappings of assigned SIDs to the SID manager for use by administrators and to enable recovery in the event of failure.

An example operation may include a system, comprising one or more of receiving a virtual network function component instance (VNFCI) status notification resumption message with an active state when a peer VNFCI operational state is active, retrieving a timestamp of a VNFCI state change to an active state from an element VNFCI state database, retrieving a timestamp of a peer VNFCI state change to active from an element VNFCI state database, sending one or more of: a request to a virtual network function manager (VNFM) to determine if the VNFCI network is isolating while an operating state was active, and a request to the VNFM to determine if the peer VNFCI network is isolating while an operating state was active, sending a state change request with standby state to the peer VNFCI when the VNFCI is not network isolated and the peer VNFCI is network isolated, and a VNFM response is received regarding the VNFCI, a timeout response from the VNFM, and a VNFM response is received regarding the peer VNFCI, and sending a state change request with standby to the VNFCI with one or more of: the VNFCI network isolate and peer VNFCI is not network isolated, and the VNFCI is network isolated or the peer VNFCI is not network isolated, and the VNFCI is not network isolated and the peer VNFCI is network isolated and the VNFCI is in preferred standby.

A video encoding device (e.g., a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) may transmit an encoded frame with a frame sequence number using a transmission protocol. The video encoding device, an application on the video encoding device, and/or a protocol layer on the encoding device may detect a packet loss by receiving an error notification. The packet loss may be detected at the MAC layer. The packet loss may be signaled using spoofed packets, such as a spoofed NAM packet, a spoofed XR packet, or a spoofed ACK packet. A lost packet may be retransmitted at the MAC layer (e.g., by the encoding device or another device on the wireless path). Packet loss detection may be performed in uplink operations and/or downlink operations, and/or may be performed in video gaining applications via the cloud. The video encoding device may generate and send a second encoded frame based on the error notification.

Aspects of the disclosure provide an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus includes a transceiver and a processing circuit. The transceiver is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The processing circuit is configured to detect an error of a previous scheduled transmission of data units from the apparatus to another apparatus. The other apparatus provides scheduled resources for transmission between the two apparatuses. Further, the processing circuit is configured to determine resources that are scheduled by the other apparatus for the apparatus to perform retransmission, and provide one or more of the data units in the previous scheduled transmission to the transceiver for retransmission using the scheduled resources.

Techniques for failover management using availability groups are described. According to some embodiments, customers can define one or more availability groups within their infrastructure. Each availability group may be associated with one or more rules which describe how the availability group should fail over. The availability group definition may define the resources included in the availability group, a target region to fail over to, and capacity reservations for the availability group in the target region. In some embodiments, the definition may also include a replication frequency for storage resources which defines how often data is backed up. Once a customer as created an availability group the customer is then able to either create resources in that availability group or associate already existing resources with the availability group. An availability group management service can ensure that data, capacity reservations and network infrastructure are defined and/or replicated to the target location.

A network processing element and method for using it, are provided for use in a cluster comprising a plurality of network processing elements, wherein the network processing element is configured to enable provisioning of a plurality of different services, wherein the network processing element is configured to store state data associated with one or more functions required for carrying out each of the plurality of different services, and wherein the network processing element is further configured to provide a service or part thereof, based on the state data associated the network processing element's processing resources required for carrying out one or more functions in the provisioning of the requested service.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive a beam update message identifying a change from a first control resource set (CORESET) beam to a second CORESET beam. The UE may use, for a beam failure detection (BFD) procedure, a first BFD reference signal associated with the first CORESET beam or a second BFD reference signal associated with the second CORESET beam based at least in part on one or more selection criteria. Numerous other aspects are provided.

The present disclosure is directed to a multi-level resource reservation system that obviates one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art. The multi-level resource reservation system creates, or modifies existing, peer-to-peer protocol(s) to complete a continuous chain of configured ports to support QoS feature(s), e.g., bound latency and guaranteed jitter, for a data flow that traverses an arbitrary sequence of bridges, routers, and virtual links.