Some embodiments of the present invention disclose a miniature sounder. The miniature sounder includes a frame, and a vibration system and a magnetic system that are fixedly connected to the frame; the magnetic system includes a lower clamping board, a primary magnet that disposed on the lower clamping board, a cushion that disposed on the lower clamping board and surrounding the primary magnet and a secondary magnet that disposed on the cushion and surrounding the primary magnet, the cushion being disposed between the secondary magnet and the lower clamping board; and the vibration system includes a voice diaphragm, a voice coil that disposed below the voice diaphragm and causing the voice diaphragm to vibrate and generate a sound and a vibration diaphragm elastically supporting the voice coil, the vibration diaphragm comprising a corrugated rim portion, a fixing portion and a connecting portion.

Some embodiments of the present invention disclose a miniature sounder. The miniature sounder includes a frame, and a vibration system and a magnetic system that are fixedly connected to the frame; the magnetic system includes a lower clamping board, a primary magnet that disposed on the lower clamping board, a cushion that disposed on the lower clamping board and surrounding the primary magnet and a secondary magnet that disposed on the cushion and surrounding the primary magnet, the cushion being disposed between the secondary magnet and the lower clamping board; and the vibration system includes a voice diaphragm, a voice coil that disposed below the voice diaphragm and causing the voice diaphragm to vibrate and generate a sound and a vibration diaphragm elastically supporting the voice coil, the vibration diaphragm comprising a corrugated rim portion, a fixing portion and a connecting portion.

Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic devices having speakers such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) speakers. A MEMS speaker can include an electrostatically driven, corrugated MEMS structure to move air without a magnet, coil, or traditional speaker membrane, and thus provide a low-power, compact speaker with a large acoustically active area in a small volume. Neighboring folds in the corrugated MEMS structure may form pairs of MEMS electrodes that can be pushed together and/or pulled apart to deform the MEMS structure in a breathing motion that generates pressure differentials on opposing sides of the corrugated MEMS structure to generate sound. Additional modes of operation are described.

Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic devices having speakers such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) speakers. A MEMS speaker can include an electrostatically driven, corrugated MEMS structure to move air without a magnet, coil, or traditional speaker membrane, and thus provide a low-power, compact speaker with a large acoustically active area in a small volume. Neighboring folds in the corrugated MEMS structure may form pairs of MEMS electrodes that can be pushed together and/or pulled apart to deform the MEMS structure in a breathing motion that generates pressure differentials on opposing sides of the corrugated MEMS structure to generate sound. Additional modes of operation are described.

An ultrasonic transducer for an ultrasonic flow meter, with a transducer housing, with a transducer element for generating and/or for receiving ultrasonic signals and with an emitting element, the emitting element being exposed to ultrasonic signals at least indirectly from the transducer element and emitting the ultrasonic signals via one end face on one front side of the emitting element into the vicinity bordering the ultrasonic transducer and/or the emitting element picking up ultrasonic signals from the vicinity via one end face on one front side of the emitting element and transmitting them at least indirectly to the transducer element. A good directional action in spite of small dimensions is achieved by the emitting element being connected to the transducer housing via a connecting element and being free standing on its periphery on the front side such that it can oscillate freely on the periphery.

A tunable ribbon microphone having magnets positioned within a small gap in between pieces of opposite poles. A conductive ribbon placed in an air gap between the magnets by an adjustable ribbon holder structure. The adjustable ribbon holder structure includes two ribbon holders and a ribbon tension control. The ribbon holder can be fixed from one side by sliding on one side or sliding on both sides. The ribbon tension control adjusts the tension of the elastic ribbon. By turning the ribbon tension control, turning motion translate to linear motion and change the distance between the ribbon holders and alter the tension of the ribbon. Changing the ribbon tension also possible by different ribbon tension control mechanism by rolled or folded the ribbon in one side or both side of the microphone. The tunable ribbon microphone may have more than one ribbon, adjustable ribbon holder structure and ribbon tension control.

Materials used in acoustic transducer membranes need very specific qualities that in any real system require many tradeoffs to be made. Graphene and graphene related materials are a newly discovered class of materials with some exceptional properties that offer the potential for significant contributions to the performance of many acoustical transduction systems. Accordingly the inventors have established graphene oxide based transducers as the basis of ribbon microphones and diaphragm loudspeakers using low cost manufacturing and processing techniques.

Materials used in acoustic transducer membranes need very specific qualities that in any real system require many tradeoffs to be made. Graphene and graphene related materials are a newly discovered class of materials with some exceptional properties that offer the potential for significant contributions to the performance of many acoustical transduction systems. Accordingly the inventors have established graphene oxide based transducers as the basis of ribbon microphones and diaphragm loudspeakers using low cost manufacturing and processing techniques.

An interior component of a vehicle comprises a carrier having a front face directed toward a passenger compartment of the vehicle and an opposite rear face; a speaker including an at least partially transparent diaphragm and a transducer coupled to the diaphragm. Movement of the transducer causes vibration of the diaphragm to generate sound by vibration of the diaphragm, the diaphragm having a front face directed towards the passenger compartment and an opposite rear face. The carrier provides a support along at least part of the periphery of the diaphragm where the diaphragm is attached to the carrier where the front face and the rear face of the diaphragm are free of the carrier across a part of the diaphragm surface so that the diaphragm is suspended in the carrier of the interior component.

This earphone includes: a housing having a ring shape and provided with a hole; a diaphragm having a first fixing portion formed near an inner peripheral edge and a second fixing portion formed near an outer peripheral edge, the diaphragm being housed in the housing; and a voice coil connected to the diaphragm. A first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a flat portion that is provided between the first protrusion and the second protrusion are formed between the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion, and the voice coil is connected to the flat portion.