Examples of this disclosure include a method performed by a wireless device for determining security keys. The method comprises, for each candidate primary secondary cell (PSCell) of a plurality of candidate PSCells for conditional addition or conditional change by the wireless device for dual connectivity, receiving, from a network node, a respective value associated with the candidate PSCell, wherein the value associated with the candidate PSCell is different to the value associated with at least one other candidate PSCell. The method also comprises determining, for each of at least one candidate PSCell of the plurality of candidate PSCells, a respective security key for communications between the wireless device and the candidate PSCell, wherein the respective security key is determined based on a master key and the respective value associated with the candidate PSCell.

The present disclosure describes methods, system, and devices for switching a quality of service (QoS) flow from a source network node to a target network node. The method includes sending, by a first network node, a first request to the target network node; receiving, by the first network node, a first response to the first request from the target network node; and sending, by the first network node, a second request to the source network node. The method may also include receiving, by the first network node, a second response to the second request from the source network node; and sending, by the first network node, a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration complete indication to the source network node.

This disclosure invention relates to a method of operating a network node in a cellular telecommunications network, wherein the cellular telecommunications network further includes a first base station and a first User Equipment (UE), and the first UE is connected to the first base station by a first and second connection having resources associated with a first and second subscription, respectively, the method including determining that the first connection and second connection relate to the first and second subscription respectively; determining that the first connection and second connection relate to the first UE; monitoring a first resource usage of one or both of the first and second connections with the first UE; and initiating a handover of one or both of the first and second connections based on the first resource usage.

A method of UE includes receiving a radio resource control (RRC) message for configuring bandwidth parts (BWPs) of a serving cell, receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) indicating activation of a first BWP, performing a BWP switching to the first BWP indicated by the PDCCH, and starting a first downlink BWP timer associated with the first BWP. A UE includes a transceiver, and at least one controller coupled with the transceiver, the at least one controller configured to receive an RRC message for configuring BWPs of a serving cell, receive a PDCCH indicating activation of a first BWP, perform a BWP switching to the first BWP indicated by the PDCCH, and start a first downlink BWP timer associated with the first BWP.

A cell conditional change method, a user equipment and a computer-readable storage medium are provided. The method includes: based on determining that a candidate PSCell meets a PSCell change trigger condition, transmitting an RRC signaling to an MN, wherein a candidate PSCell or a target PSCell that meets the PSCell change trigger condition is indicated in the RRC signaling.

A method of generic encoding of a radio access network (RAN) parameter exchanged over E2 application protocol (E2AP) between an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) node and a near-real time radio access network intelligent controller (near-RT RIC) includes: providing a generic encoding mechanism for a message structure containing at least one RAN parameter, wherein the generic encoding mechanism includes a first categorization of each RAN parameter exchanged between the O-RAN node and the near-RT RIC into one of ELEMENT type, STRUCTURE type or LIST type; wherein the ELEMENT type parameter is a singleton variable which does not have any other associated RAN parameter; the STRUCTURE type parameter is a sequence of RAN parameters in which each RAN parameter in the sequence can be one of the ELEMENT type parameter, another STRUCTURE type parameter, or the LIST type parameter; and the LIST type parameter is a list of STRUCTURE type parameters.

Methods, systems, and devices are described for routing modification based on handover detection in UEs and network equipment. According to the principles of the present specification, communication between a User Equipment (UE) and a network equipment may be established over a first radio access technology (RAT) and a second RAT, and a coupling between the first RAT and the second RAT may be identified in the communication between the UE and the network equipment. A handover event associated with at least one of the RATs may be identified, and network traffic routing may be adapted based at least in part on the identified handover event and the coupling between the first RAT and the second RAT.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may establish a first call associated with a first subscriber of the UE. The UE may establish a second call associated with a second subscriber of the UE, wherein the first subscriber and the second subscriber are active contemporaneously, and wherein the first call and the second call are associated with a first radio access technology (RAT). The UE may identify a mobility event that associated with an interruption to at least one of the first call and the second call, the mobility event involving switching the first subscriber to a second RAT. The UE may perform a mitigation action. Numerous other aspects are described.

A cell management method and apparatus, a device and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium are disclosed. The method may include: sending a first dual-connection control message to a second communication node, where the first dual-connection control message is used for instructing the second communication node to manage related information of a conditional candidate target PSCell; and receiving the related information of the conditional candidate target PSCell sent by the second communication node.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for transferring a data connection to a radio access network. One method includes receiving, at a remote unit, an indication to handover from a first radio access network to a second radio access network. The method includes determining, after receiving the indication, that at least one data connection of the remote unit is unable to be transferred to the second radio access network. The method includes determining that the at least one data connection of the remote unit is able to be transferred to a third radio access network within a first time duration. The method includes transmitting, within the first time duration, a data connection request to reestablish the at least one data connection over the third radio access network.