Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method in which a processing system detects user equipment (UE) in communication with a network via a serving cell of the network; the network is configured to facilitate communications by one or more terrestrial UEs and one or more aerial UEs. The system monitors messages from an aerial UE regarding detection of a cell other than the serving cell, and receives information from the aerial UE regarding the detected cell. The method further includes analyzing the information to estimate a first quantity associated with the detected cell location relative to the serving cell and a second quantity associated with a power received at the aerial UE from the detected cell. The method also includes determining, based on the analyzing, whether the aerial UE is an unauthorized aerial UE. Other embodiments are disclosed.

A method and system is described that performs dynamic slice management for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Flight path information associated with a flight path of a UAV is used to determine a predicted optimal application and a predicted optimal network slice for use by the UAV at a location along the flight path. Information associated with the predicted optimal application and the predicted optimal network slice is transmitted to the UAV for use by the UAV at the location. The available network slices to the UAV may be updated based on the determined predicted optimal slice. The UAV may adjust its usage of applications and/or slices based on the information it receives associated with the predicted optimal application and the predicted optimal network slice.

A wide area network (WAN) communication framework having a common control plane and method for using the same are disclosed. In some embodiments, the wide area network (WAN) communication framework comprises: a plurality of management systems, each for controlling access to and traffic for one of a plurality of WANs that include satellite and terrestrial communication networks; a remote unit capable of communicably coupling to the plurality of WANs; and a master network management system (MNMS). The MNMS is communicably coupled to the plurality of management systems and coupled to the remote unit to aggregate control information from the plurality of management systems and the remote unit to determine which WANs of the plurality of WANs for the remote unit to use, wherein the MNMS uses a common control plane communicably coupled to the remote unit for control and routing of control traffic, including information indicating which WANs of the plurality of WANs to which the remote terminal can connect, the common control plane including a single, continuous control channel to which the remote terminal is connectable simultaneously with a connection to a WAN of the plurality of WANs.

A flight control method, device and system are provided. The method includes: sending a first message to a base station, wherein the first message is a message for requesting a radio resource control (RRC) connection, and the first message carries an aircraft identifier; receiving a second message sent by the base station, wherein the second message is a message for notifying the aircraft that the RRC connection is successful, and the second message carries a no-fly zone range; and performing a stop-flight operation when the position of the aircraft is within the no-fly zone range.

A communication apparatus includes an acquisition unit to acquire, from a base station apparatus being connected, switching information including information used for wireless communication with a movably configured base station apparatus to be a switching destination candidate, a determination unit to determine whether or not to switch a base station apparatus to be a connection destination, and a connection unit to, upon determining by the determination unit to switch the base station apparatus to be the connection destination, execute connection to the base station apparatus to be the switching destination candidate on a basis of the switching information.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for location determining and reporting of a terminal device and a mobility measurement report based on a location of a terminal device. In a method for communication, a first terminal device incapable of using a satellite positioning system receives, from a second terminal device capable of using the satellite positioning system, a first message indicating a first time point of the satellite positioning system when the first message is transmitted. The first terminal device transmits, to the second terminal device, a responsive message to the first message after a predefined delay from receiving the first message. The first terminal device receives, from the second terminal device, a second message indicating a reference time point of the satellite positioning system when the second message is received by the first terminal device. With the embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device incapable of using a satellite positioning system can determine its accurate location and report the location to a network device, so as to optimize the mobility management of the terminal device.

A communication speed prediction apparatus (1) includes: a position prediction unit (111) for predicting a future positional relationship between first and second communication apparatuses (B, D); a speed prediction unit (112) for predicting the future communication speed between the first and second communication apparatuses by using a predicted result by the position prediction unit and a prediction model (PD) for predicting the future communication speed between the first and second communication apparatuses; an extraction unit (113) for extracting a training information from an information source (121) including information relating to a past positional relationship between the first and second communication apparatuses and information relating to a past communication speed between the first and second communication apparatuses; a training unit for training a parameter of the prediction model by using the training information; and a model update unit (115) for updating, by using the trained parameter, the prediction model used by the speed prediction unit, the model update unit changes, based on at least one of a state of the communication speed prediction apparatus and a state of the first and second communication apparatuses, an update frequency by which the prediction model is updated.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed that are associated with cellular communications for unmanned aerial vehicles and associated devices. A WTRU may initiate multiple PDU sessions. The WTRU may initiate a first protocol data unit (PDU) session. The WTRU may receive one or more session parameters for a second PDU session. The one or more session parameters for the second PDU session may be received via the first PDU session. The WTRU may initiate the second PDU session using the one or more session parameters (e.g., based on an authentication and authorization associated with the first PDU session being successful). The WTRU may send or receive an operation communication via the second PDU session. The operation communication may comprise an unmanned aerial vehicle command and control message or an unmanned aerial vehicle payload message.

The terminal device (50) includes a communication unit (51) and a control unit (55). The control unit (55) transmits or receives predetermined data a predetermined number of times via the communication unit (51). In addition, the control unit (55) transmits or receives predetermined data a predetermined number of times in cooperation with other terminal devices.

A terminal determines a first frequency for accessing the network device Then, the terminal determines at least one second frequency based on the first frequency, where any second frequency is different from the first frequency, and at least two second frequencies are also different. The terminal selects at least two different second frequencies from the first frequency and the at least one second frequency. The terminal separately receives, in a time unit in a period by using the at least two different frequencies, an SSB from the network device. The terminal accesses the network device based on received one or more different SSBs.