An electric heating module structure, an installation method, a forming method, and a wind turbine are provided. The electric heating module structure is configured for melting ice on a blade, and includes an electric heating module, a positive conductive wire and a negative conductive wire. The positive conductive wire and the negative conductive wire are integrally formed with the electric heating module, to supply power to the electric heating module. The integrally formed electric heating module, the positive conductive wire and the negative conductive wire are laid in an outer layer of the blade.

An electric heating module structure, an installation method, a forming method, and a wind turbine are provided. The electric heating module structure is configured for melting ice on a blade, and includes an electric heating module, a positive conductive wire and a negative conductive wire. The positive conductive wire and the negative conductive wire are integrally formed with the electric heating module, to supply power to the electric heating module. The integrally formed electric heating module, the positive conductive wire and the negative conductive wire are laid in an outer layer of the blade.

An electrically heating converter includes: a pillar shaped honeycomb structure made of conductive ceramics, including: an outer peripheral wall; and a partition wall disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition wall defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells penetrating from one end face to other end face to form a flow path; metal electrodes; a pressing member configured to press each of the metal electrodes against the pillar shaped honeycomb structure, so that the pillar shaped honeycomb structure is electrically connected to each of the metal electrodes; and an antioxidant material of (i) or (ii) below: (i) an antioxidant material provided between the pillar shaped honeycomb structure and each of the metal electrodes, or (ii) an antioxidant material provided from a surface of the pillar shaped honeycomb structure over an outer surface of each of the metal electrodes.

A honeycomb structure made of ceramics, wherein the honeycomb structure includes: a borosilicate; and silicon particles doped with at least one dopant, the dopant is a Group 13 element or a Group 15 element, the silicon particles have a dopant amount (A) of 1×10.sup.16 to 5×10.sup.20/cm.sup.3, and the honeycomb structure has a silicon particle content (B) of 30 to 80% by mass.

A honeycomb structure made of ceramics, wherein the honeycomb structure includes: a borosilicate; and silicon particles doped with at least one dopant, the dopant is a Group 13 element or a Group 15 element, the silicon particles have a dopant amount (A) of 1×10.sup.16 to 5×10.sup.20/cm.sup.3, and the honeycomb structure has a silicon particle content (B) of 30 to 80% by mass.

A novel solid-state heating element is disclosed. The heating element comprises a plurality of heating layers comprised of a mixture of carbon and a polymer or plastic. The heating layers are disposed on or infused into a substrate. Each heating layer can be disposed on, or infused into, its own substrate, or the heating layers can be disposed on or infused into opposites sides of the same substrate. A radiating element can be disposed in proximity to one or both of the heating layers. The radiating element absorbs the radiation put out by the heating layer(s) and reradiates heat. A heat transfer fluid such as air or a liquid can be directed across the radiating element and/or other areas of the heating element to transfer heat from the heating element to another location.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a heating rod comprises: a first thermal diffusion plate; a ceramic substrate arranged on the first thermal diffusion plate and having a heating element arranged therein; and a second thermal diffusion plate arranged on the ceramic substrate, wherein the first thermal diffusion plate and the second thermal diffusion plate are respectively stacked in a plurality of layers. Since the first thermal diffusion plate and the second thermal diffusion plate are stacked in the plurality of layers, a heating rod having a high thermal efficiency and being capable of fast heating and a vehicular heating device including the same can be obtained.

An electrical heating device comprises: a first electrode layer (13), made of electrically conductive material; a second electrode layer (14), made of electrically conductive material; and a heating layer, made of a material having a PTC effect, wherein the first electrode layer (13) and the second electrode layer (14) face one another, with at least one part of the heating layer that is set between the first electrode layer (13) and the second electrode layer (14), in contact with them. At least one region (21) of the at least one from among the first electrode layer (13), the second electrode layer (14), and said at least one part of the heating layer has a plurality of electrically non-conductive sites (30a, 30b, 30c), which are prearranged for bringing about: —an emission of heat by the heating device (10) in said at least one region (21) that is different from the emission of heat by the heating device (10) in at least one other region (22) of the at least one from among the first electrode layer (13), the second electrode layer (14), and said at least one part (15′) of the heating layer (15); and/or —an emission of heat by the heating device (10) at the first electrode layer (13) that is different from the emission of heat by the heating device (10) at the second electrode layer (14).

The invention relates to a method for treating a food product by non-conventional resistive heating using. contact with spaced-apart electrically conductive electrodes connected to a power source that regulates current to the electrodes by pausing heating of the food product to a predetermined temperature. The electrodes are configured into two groups at a first distance from one another. Each electrode group has individual electrodes, similar to a comb-like set of needles, wherein neighboring needles of each group are at a second distance from one another that is greater than or equal to the first distance. Each set of needles penetrates the food product such that points of the needles leave penetration points, wherein the food product is accommodated in a space between two conveyor belts and the individual electrodes extend from at least one of the conveyor belts in the direction of the opposite conveyor belt.

To avoid an adverse effect on the sensor by the heater. A controller for a heater installed in a vehicle lamp, where the controller detects a rising edge of a light emission period of a sensor light emitted from an object detection sensor built in the vehicle lamp, and starts supply of a drive voltage to the heater in accordance with the rising edge.