According to the present invention, disclosed is a pipe fluid heat exchange flat pipe, which has a cross section having a width direction size that is larger than the size in the height direction thereof, extends in a longitudinal direction, and has a plurality of flat parts and curved parts that are alternately formed, wherein a plurality of lower guides protruding from the inner lower surface of the flat pipe toward the upper side thereof and upper guides protruding from the inner upper surface of the flat pipe toward the lower side thereof are alternately provided in the width direction of the flat pipe, and either the lower guide or the upper guide has an overlapping part overlapped with the other from either of the adjacent lower guide or upper guide in the height direction of the flat pipe.

APTC heating assembly includes contact elements and a cuboid ceramic component on which a metallization is applied. The ceramic component comprises mutually opposing main side surfaces for heat dissipation which are larger by at least a factor of five than each of the end faces extending between the main side surfaces. The contact elements are electrically conductively connected to the metallization for introducing the power current into the ceramic component. The metallization is formed only on the main side surfaces and is in the form of elongated metallization strips. The metallization strips extend along mutually opposite edges of the cuboid ceramic component, are each assigned to one polarity, are separated by a single end face, and are connected to a power source via a common contact element.

APTC heating assembly includes contact elements and a cuboid ceramic component on which a metallization is applied. The ceramic component comprises mutually opposing main side surfaces for heat dissipation which are larger by at least a factor of five than each of the end faces extending between the main side surfaces. The contact elements are electrically conductively connected to the metallization for introducing the power current into the ceramic component. The metallization is formed only on the main side surfaces and is in the form of elongated metallization strips. The metallization strips extend along mutually opposite edges of the cuboid ceramic component, are each assigned to one polarity, are separated by a single end face, and are connected to a power source via a common contact element.

An atomizer and an electronic cigarette are provided. The atomizer comprises an atomizing chamber and a heating assembly, the heating assembly includes heater, the heater is in the form of a sheet, the two opposite sides of the heater form air flow passages, the two opposite side walls of the heater respectively form the side walls of the air flow passages, the air flow passages are in communicate with the atomizing chamber, the number of the heater is at least one. Since the heating assembly located in the air flow passages is configured to heat the air entrance into the air flow passages, so that the air has a higher temperature when it reaches the atomizing chamber. The hot air heats the tobacco, and the contact area between the hot air and the tobacco is more uniform, and the heating can be completed quickly without waiting, generating more smoke and improving the taste.

An atomizer and an electronic cigarette are provided. The atomizer comprises an atomizing chamber and a heating assembly, the heating assembly includes heater, the heater is in the form of a sheet, the two opposite sides of the heater form air flow passages, the two opposite side walls of the heater respectively form the side walls of the air flow passages, the air flow passages are in communicate with the atomizing chamber, the number of the heater is at least one. Since the heating assembly located in the air flow passages is configured to heat the air entrance into the air flow passages, so that the air has a higher temperature when it reaches the atomizing chamber. The hot air heats the tobacco, and the contact area between the hot air and the tobacco is more uniform, and the heating can be completed quickly without waiting, generating more smoke and improving the taste.

A thermal radiation element includes a substrate, made of a semiconductor, having a first principal plane and a second principal plane, a first conductor layer and a second conductor layer provided on the first principal plane and the second principal plane, respectively, and an electrode pair provided in an outer edge region of the first conductor layer.

A vaporizer cartridge configured to efficiently and effectively heat a non-liquid source material that includes a vaporizable material is described. The cartridge may include a heating element including an electrically resistive material and may be configured to vaporize the vaporizable material by delivery of heat to the vaporizable material. The cartridge may include a cartridge contact in electrical communication with the electrically resistive material. The cartridge contact may be configured to couple to a vaporizer contact positioned proximate to a cartridge coupling feature to allow electrical power to pass from the vaporizer device through the electrically resistive material. The electrical power may cause heating of the electrically resistive material and the vaporizable material to result in generation of an aerosol for inhalation by a user. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Heating Mechanism For Tools is an ingenious and practical invention of a heated tool rack which includes: a first steel plate; a second steel plate, wherein each steel plate includes a cooperating receiving rack for wrenches; a power source attached to each plate; a first charge on the first plate; and a second charge on the second plate. The cooperating racks include a first receiving rack and a second receiving rack, wherein a lineal graduating resistive divider of a cleaving type and a planer type lies between the first steel plate on a first side and the second steel plate on a second side. A resistive heat therein is proportional to the graduation. A hole is provided in each plate for mounting purposes. The tool rack also includes a USB connector, where the USB connector supplies power for application of an electrical charge to each side of the resistive divider.

A vaporizer for vaporizing a liquid comprises a heating element for receiving electrical power and for delivering thermal power to a liquid to be vaporized and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the heating element. The temperature sensor and the heating element are directly mechanically connected and thermally coupled.

A heating assembly for a cooking appliance, such as a toaster or oven, has a support and/or heating element with a curved shape having a concave side facing a cooking cavity. The support and/or heating element may be flexible, e.g., having a planar shape when unstressed and a curved shape when stressed. The support and/or heating element may define a sheet, e.g., having a length and width. The heating element may have openings in the sheet. The heating element may be coupled to the support so as to be slidable movable relative to the support, e.g., so the heating element can slide relative to the support when the support and heating element are bent into a curved shape.