A test wafer is placed inside a baking module and is baked. Via one or more temperature sensors, a cumulative heat amount delivered to the test wafer during the baking is measured. The measured cumulative heat amount is compared with a predefined cumulative heat amount threshold. In response to the comparing indicating that the measured cumulative heat amount is within the predefined cumulative heat amount threshold, it is determined that the baking module is qualified for actual semiconductor fabrication. In response to the comparing indicating that the measured cumulative heat amount is outside of the predefined cumulative heat amount threshold, it is determined that the baking module is not qualified for actual semiconductor fabrication.

A test wafer is placed inside a baking module and is baked. Via one or more temperature sensors, a cumulative heat amount delivered to the test wafer during the baking is measured. The measured cumulative heat amount is compared with a predefined cumulative heat amount threshold. In response to the comparing indicating that the measured cumulative heat amount is within the predefined cumulative heat amount threshold, it is determined that the baking module is qualified for actual semiconductor fabrication. In response to the comparing indicating that the measured cumulative heat amount is outside of the predefined cumulative heat amount threshold, it is determined that the baking module is not qualified for actual semiconductor fabrication.

An atomizing unit, an atomizing assembly and an atomizing device having high strength. The atomizing unit comprises a support and a heating member. The heating member comprises a heating portion, one side of the heating portion is concave and the other side thereof is arched. The concave side of the heating portion and a cavity of the support define a containing chamber for accommodating a liquid conducting member, so as to allow an airflow to be blown to the arched side of the heating portion to take atomized gas out. In the atomizing unit, the atomizing assembly and the atomizing device, the arched side of the heating member is better adapted to the airflow flowing, so that heat from an atomizing surface can be more uniform, the heating member is not easily deformed, and a liquid conducting material is in good direct contact with the heating member.

A thermal energy storage system includes a firebrick checkerwork and an electrode. The firebrick checkerwork includes one or more conductive firebrick layers, each including a plurality of electrically conductive doped metal oxide firebricks with one or more airflow vents. The electrode includes one or more electrode firebrick layers, each layer including a plurality of electrode firebricks. The firebrick checkerwork is heated due to application of electrical power to the electrode. Air flowing through the firebrick checkerwork may then be heated for use in heat-related applications (e.g., an industrial application, commercial application, residential application, transportation application, etc.) some of which may relate to electricity production or in other applications which may relate to other purposes that require heat that are unrelated to electricity production.

A PTC heating element and an electric heating device containing such a PTC heating element are disclosed. The PTC heating element comprises two insulating layers with a metallic coating provided on one side and a PTC element arranged therebetween which is provided on oppositely disposed main side surfaces with a respective metallization which is electrically conductively connected to the coating of one of the insulating layers. The metallization provided on one of the main side surfaces is assigned only to one potential for energizing the PTC element. The metallization provided on the other main side surface is assigned to only the other potential for energizing the PTC element. The metallization of the one main side surface of the PTC element and the metallization of the other main side surface of the PTC element are formed in such a way that the current path (P) through the PTC element is extended relative to the thickness (D) of the PTC element.

A PTC heating element and an electric heating device containing such a PTC heating element are disclosed. The PTC heating element comprises two insulating layers with a metallic coating provided on one side and a PTC element arranged therebetween which is provided on oppositely disposed main side surfaces with a respective metallization which is electrically conductively connected to the coating of one of the insulating layers. The metallization provided on one of the main side surfaces is assigned only to one potential for energizing the PTC element. The metallization provided on the other main side surface is assigned to only the other potential for energizing the PTC element. The metallization of the one main side surface of the PTC element and the metallization of the other main side surface of the PTC element are formed in such a way that the current path (P) through the PTC element is extended relative to the thickness (D) of the PTC element.

Disclosed is a heating device comprising a plate-shaped ceramic PTC resistor having a thickness, a front side, a back side and narrow sides, wherein the distance from the front side to the back side equals the thickness, and a first contact element and a second contact element, which are electrically contacting the PTC resistor. The PTC resistor is electrically contacted by the contact elements on opposite narrow sides.

A heating assembly includes an atomizing base and a resistive heating element at least partially embedded in the atomizing base. The resistive heating element includes a heating fence, two connecting portions and two conductive pins arranged along a length direction of the resistive heating element. The heating fence is located in a middle of the resistive heating element. The two connecting portions are respectively located on two opposite sides of the heating fence and are interconnected by the heating fence. The two conductive pins are located at two opposite ends of the resistive heating element and are connected with the two connecting portions respectively. The atomizing base includes a base plate and a side wall extending from a periphery of the base plate. A receiving cavity is formed in the atomizing base. An atomizing opening penetrates through the base plate. The atomizing opening is aligned with the heating fence.

A heating assembly for an atomizer includes a resistive heating plate and an atomizing bracket. The resistive heating plate is combined with the atomizing bracket. The resistive heating plate includes a flat plate portion and a hollowed portion. The atomizing bracket includes an atomizing opening. The atomizing opening is aligned with the hollowed portion. The present disclosure further provides an atomizer and an electronic cigarette.

A heating assembly for an atomizer includes a resistive heating plate and an atomizing bracket. The resistive heating plate is combined with the atomizing bracket. The resistive heating plate includes a flat plate portion and a hollowed portion. The atomizing bracket includes an atomizing opening. The atomizing opening is aligned with the hollowed portion. The present disclosure further provides an atomizer and an electronic cigarette.