An apparatus has a lens. A frame has a gasket for receiving the lens and a shock-resistant housing is secured about the frame. A visual output element is disposed proximate the lens and an audio output element is disposed within the housing. A control component with a power source is provided for controlling at least one of the visual output element and the audio output element.

An apparatus has a lens. A frame has a gasket for receiving the lens and a shock-resistant housing is secured about the frame. A visual output element is disposed proximate the lens and an audio output element is disposed within the housing. A control component with a power source is provided for controlling at least one of the visual output element and the audio output element.

An arrangement for determining four-dimensional properties of an interface of an object, including a light source includes: a unit for forming photonic jets, a unit for performing large field of view interferometric imaging of the interface and their combination, a unit for passing the light being close to the interface and direct the light to the interface, and an image unit. The arrangement includes a unit for performing phase shifting interferometric imaging of the interface, imaging a unit for receiving light from the interface modulated by e.g. microspheres for forming super-resolution image information by combining light interferometry with the photonic jets, and a processor unit for determining four-dimensional properties of the interface on the basis of the image information formed by the phase shifting interferometric imaging by utilizing effect of the photonic jets. The arrangement also can also include a unit to carry out the measurement using polarized light.

Disclosed herein a vacuum ultra violet light source device that is capable of suppressing an amount of ozone generation when the vacuum ultra violet light is emitted into an atmosphere containing oxygen, a light irradiation device incorporating the vacuum ultra violet light device, and a method of patterning a self-assembled monolayer employing the light irradiation device. The light irradiation device is configured to irradiate a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on a workpiece with light containing vacuum ultra violet light through a mask M on which a prescribed pattern is formed so as to perform a patterning process of the SAM. The light containing the vacuum ultra violet light to be irradiated onto the SAM is light that is pulsed light and has a duty ratio of light emission equal to or greater than 0.00001 and equal to or less than 0.01.

Disclosed herein a vacuum ultra violet light source device that is capable of suppressing an amount of ozone generation when the vacuum ultra violet light is emitted into an atmosphere containing oxygen, a light irradiation device incorporating the vacuum ultra violet light device, and a method of patterning a self-assembled monolayer employing the light irradiation device. The light irradiation device is configured to irradiate a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on a workpiece with light containing vacuum ultra violet light through a mask M on which a prescribed pattern is formed so as to perform a patterning process of the SAM. The light containing the vacuum ultra violet light to be irradiated onto the SAM is light that is pulsed light and has a duty ratio of light emission equal to or greater than 0.00001 and equal to or less than 0.01.

An electronic device adapted for adjusting a light effect of a CCFL is provided. The electronic device is electronically connected to the CCFL. The electronic device comprises a PWM controller configured to receive at least a digital signal and to output a specific-frequency reference signal according to the digital signal, a driver electronically connected to the PWM controller and configured to output a first voltage signal according to the specific-frequency reference signal, and a transformer electronically connected to the driver and the CCFL. The transformer amplifies the first voltage signal to generate a second voltage signal and sends the second voltage signal to the CCFL. A light effect is generated by the CCFL according to the second voltage signal.

An electronic device adapted for adjusting a light effect of a CCFL is provided. The electronic device is electronically connected to the CCFL. The electronic device comprises a PWM controller configured to receive at least a digital signal and to output a specific-frequency reference signal according to the digital signal, a driver electronically connected to the PWM controller and configured to output a first voltage signal according to the specific-frequency reference signal, and a transformer electronically connected to the driver and the CCFL. The transformer amplifies the first voltage signal to generate a second voltage signal and sends the second voltage signal to the CCFL. A light effect is generated by the CCFL according to the second voltage signal.

A high voltage pulse generation device includes n transformer cores configuring a transformer, n being a natural number of 2 or more, each of the n transformer cores being configured to form a magnetic circuit along a first plane and to have a width in a first direction parallel to the first plane larger than a width in a second direction parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction; n primary electric circuits of the transformer connected in parallel to each other, each of the n primary electric circuits including at least one primary coil, and m pulse generation units connected in parallel to the at least one primary coil, m being a natural number equal to or more than 2; and a secondary electric circuit of the transformer including a secondary coil and connected to a pair of discharge electrodes.

A composite film is disclosed. The composite film includes a substrate, a thermal barrier layer located on top of the substrate, wherein the thermal barrier layer has a higher decomposition temperature than the substrate, and a thin film located on top of the thermal barrier layer, wherein the thin film is to be thermally processed by a pulsed light from a flashlamp.

A composite film is disclosed. The composite film includes a substrate, a thermal barrier layer located on top of the substrate, wherein the thermal barrier layer has a higher decomposition temperature than the substrate, and a thin film located on top of the thermal barrier layer, wherein the thin film is to be thermally processed by a pulsed light from a flashlamp.