An example system can include a combustion chamber of a jet engine, a radio-frequency power source, a direct-current power source, a resonator, and a fuel conduit. The resonator can be electromagnetically coupled to the radio-frequency power source and have a resonant wavelength. Further, the resonator can include (i) a first conductor, (ii), a second conductor, and (iii) a dielectric between the first conductor and the second conductor. The resonator can be configured to provide at least one of a plasma corona or electromagnetic waves. The fuel conduit can be configured to couple to a fuel source and have a fuel outlet for expelling fuel into a combustion zone of the combustion chamber. A portion of the fuel conduit is disposed within the first conductor.

An example system can include a combustor of a power-generation turbine, a radio-frequency power source, a plasma-distributing structure, and a resonator having a first concentrator. The combustor can include one or more fins protruding into a combustion zone and can be configured to guide combustion of fuel along a flame path defined by the fin(s). The resonator can be configured to provide a plasma corona when excited by the power source. The plasma-distributing structure can be arranged within the combustor and proximate to the plasma corona, and can include a second concentrator. When the resonator is excited, the plasma corona can be provided proximate to the first concentrator. Further, when the plasma corona is provided proximate to the first concentrator and the plasma-distributing structure is at a predetermined voltage, an additional plasma corona can be established proximate to the second concentrator and at least partly within the flame path.

An example system and corresponding method includes a jet engine combustor and a plurality of resonators. The combustor includes (i) a combustion zone, (ii) one or more fuel inlets for introducing fuel into the combustion zone for combustion, and (iii) one or more fins protruding into the combustion zone and configured to guide combustion of the fuel along a flame path. The resonators can each have a respective resonant wavelength and can each provide a respective plasma corona in the combustion zone when excited with a respective signal having a wavelength proximate to an odd-integer multiple of one-quarter () of the respective resonant wavelength. A radio-frequency power source can excite the resonators with the respective signals so as to provide the respective plasma coronas in the combustion zone and cause combustion of the fuel along the flame path.

Example implementations relate to jet engines that include resonator-based diagnostics. An example implementation includes a jet engine. The jet engine includes a combustion chamber configured to house a combustion event of a fuel mixture. The jet engine also includes a resonator having a characteristic impedance and a resonant wavelength. The resonator includes a first conductor and a second conductor separated from one another by an interstitial space that is exposed to an environment of the combustion chamber. Further, the jet engine includes a controller communicatively coupled to the resonator and configured to perform operations. The operations include determining a characteristic of the resonator selected from the group consisting of the characteristic impedance and the resonant wavelength. The operations also include, based on the determined characteristic, determining a parameter of the combustion chamber.

Example implementations relate to magnetic direction of a plasma corona provided proximate to a resonator. An example implementation includes a system. The system includes a radio-frequency power source. The system also includes a resonator configured to electromagnetically couple to the radio-frequency power source. The resonator includes a dielectric between a first conductor and a second conductor. The resonator also includes an electrode configured to electromagnetically couple to the first conductor and including a concentrator. The resonator is configured to provide a plasma corona proximate to the concentrator when excited by the radio-frequency power source. Still further, the system includes a magnetic-field source configured to provide a magnetic field proximate to the concentrator so as to modify at least one feature of the plasma corona.

The method relates to triggering a self-propagating reduction-exfoliation process of graphene oxide in a porous material containing graphene oxide to increase the total electric conductivity and the specific surface area of the porous material. It's subject matter consists in that the initial electric plasma is generated in the adjacent part and only partly in the inside part (4) of the total volume (2) of the reduced-exfoliated porous material. This triggers the self-propagating reduction-exfoliation process, wherein to generate the initial electric plasma the parameters of the following group are fulfilled: the temperature of the working gas is less than 400? C., the pressure of the working gas is higher than 10 kPa, the speed of the working gas is less than 0,1 mxs.sup.?1, the temperature of the total volume of the porous material is less than 200? C.

The present disclosure provides a plasma electric propulsion device comprising a capacitive energy storage device as a power source for an engine configured to heat and/or ionize and/or accelerate a propellant due to action of an electric field and/or magnetic field. The energy storage device comprises: a first electrically conductive electrode, a second electrically conductive electrode; and at least one metadielectric layer located between the first and second conductive electrodes. The metadielectric layer comprises at least one organic compound with at least one electrically resistive substituent and at least one polarizable unit. The polarizable unit is selected from intramolecular and intermolecular polarizable units. The organic compound is selected from the list comprising compounds with rigid electro-polarizable organic units, composite organic polarizable compounds, composite electro-polarizable organic compounds, composite non-linear electro-polarizable compounds, Sharp polymers, Furuta co-polymers, para-Furuta polymers, YanLi polymers, and any combination thereof.

A linear flexible plasma generator having a function of cooling and temperature control. More efficient power control is possible, since a temperature of an electrode itself can be controlled in a state when plasma is discharged. In addition, since a temperature of the electrode surface can be decreased, use for the purposes of sterilization, neutralization, treatment, beauty treatment, and so on is possible.

A plasma reactor comprises a housing, a first fluid inlet, a second fluid inlet, a first electric field generator, and an effluent outlet. The housing includes an axial aligned passageway and an internal reactor chamber coupled with the passageway. The first fluid inlet receives and delivers a first fluid to the reactor chamber. The second fluid inlet receives and delivers a second fluid to the reactor chamber. The first electric field generator is positioned in the reactor chamber and includes a first electrode and a spaced apart second electrode. The first electric field generator generates a first electric field, wherein the first fluid passes through the first electric field creating a plasma which is injected into the second fluid while the second fluid is flowing through the passageway to create an effluent. The effluent outlet receives the effluent from the reactor chamber and delivers it to a destination.

A reactor assembly for igniting and sustaining a plasma and method for performing a reaction. The assembly includes an elongated cylindrical inner electrode; a dielectric tube arranged helically around the elongated cylindrical inner electrode to form a helical reactor. The reactor assembly also includes an annular outer electrode arranged around at least a portion of the exterior of the helical reactor. The assembly includes a power source to provide a voltage across the elongated cylindrical inner electrode and the annular outer electrode. A process stream including at least a gas flows through the dielectric tube. The voltage is applied across the elongated cylindrical inner electrode and the annular outer electrode such that at least a portion of the flow of the process stream through the dielectric tube is exposed to the voltage and the plasma is ignited and sustained.