The present subject matter relates to backlight keyboards. In an example implementation of the present subject matter, backlight keyboards and methods of fabricating lighting units for such backlight keyboards are described. In an example, a backlight keyboard includes a substrate and a plurality of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) disposed on the substrate. The backlight keyboard further includes a printed circuit disposed on the substrate, where the printed circuit comprises of a plurality of electrical connections to provide electric current to the plurality of LEDs, and where width of each of the plurality of electrical connections is predefined to control brightness of a corresponding LED from amongst the plurality of LEDs.

A triggering condition is applied to a conductive polymer positioned in a drilled hole in a printed circuit board. The applied triggering condition causes the polymer to vertically expand within the drilled hole such that the expanded polymer creates an electrically conductive path between contact pads located in different layers of the printed circuit board.

A printed electric circuit comprises a printed planar substrate. The printed planar surface comprises one or more traces integrated into the printed planar structure. The one or more traces comprise a hydrophilic additive to create ion reservoirs within an organic semiconductor layer.

The disclosed technology provides micro-assembled micro-LED displays and lighting elements using arrays of micro-LEDs that are too small (e.g., micro-LEDs with a width or diameter of 10 ?m to 50 ?m), numerous, or fragile to assemble by conventional means. The disclosed technology provides for micro-LED displays and lighting elements assembled using micro-transfer printing technology. The micro-LEDs can be prepared on a native substrate and printed to a display substrate (e.g., plastic, metal, glass, or other materials), thereby obviating the manufacture of the micro-LEDs on the display substrate. In certain embodiments, the display substrate is transparent and/or flexible.

A triggering condition is applied to a conductive polymer positioned in a drilled hole in a printed circuit board. The applied triggering condition causes the polymer to vertically expand within the drilled hole such that the expanded polymer creates an electrically conductive path between contact pads located in different layers of the printed circuit board.

A triggering condition is applied to a conductive polymer positioned in a drilled hole in a printed circuit board. The applied triggering condition causes the polymer to vertically expand within the drilled hole such that the expanded polymer creates an electrically conductive path between contact pads located in different layers of the printed circuit board.

A triggering condition is applied to a conductive polymer positioned in a drilled hole in a printed circuit board. The applied triggering condition causes the polymer to vertically expand within the drilled hole such that the expanded polymer creates an electrically conductive path between contact pads located in different layers of the printed circuit board.

An electronic device on a spacecraft that is enclosed by a conformal coating that is transparent and sufficiently conductive to conduct accumulated charge on the electronic device. The coating includes an intrinsic conducting polymer, such as PEDOT:PSS, dissolved, for example, in an organic solvent, and mixed with a polyurethane, such as Arathane 5750 or 5753.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention comprises: 1) forming a crystalline transparent conducting layer on a substrate; 2) forming an amorphous transparent conducting layer on the crystalline transparent conducting layer; 3) forming at least one pattern open region so as to expose a part of the crystalline transparent conducting layer by patterning the amorphous transparent conducting layer; and 4) forming a metal layer in the at least one pattern open region.

A method and system for manufacturing a workpiece is disclosed. The method comprises providing (810) a layer (120) of a polymeric material on at least a portion of a substrate (110) and patterning (830) the layer of polymeric material by exposing the layer with electromagnetic radiation having a frequency and amplitude within said certain frequency range and amplitude range so as to form a pattern of regions (122) having a first electrical conductivity and regions (124) having a second electrical conductivity. The method further includes the actions of mounting (840) an electronic component (140) on the layer of polymeric material and curing (850) the polymeric material. A workpiece comprising a substrate (110), a layer (120) of a polymeric material adapted to, in a non-cured state, to change its electrical conductivity when exposed with electromagnetic radiation (E) within a certain frequency and amplitude range is also disclosed.