Disclosed herein is a transfer printing technology. A transfer printing substrate includes a plurality of pillar structures and a sacrificial layer applied thereon. In situ alignment of a transfer layer is performed by the pillar structures and a structural confinement by a concave structure formed on a bottom surface of the transfer layer corresponding to the pillar structures, or a chemical bond of the pillar structure and the transfer layer. In the in situ alignment by the structural confinement, the remaining sacrificial layer after being removed may serve as an adhesive component. The transfer process is performed by a separation of the bond by the sacrificial layer, a cutting of the pillar structures in the chemic bonding state of the pillar structures and the transfer layer, or a separation of the bond between the pillar structures and the handling substrate.

From a viewpoint of achieving a high-performance organic light-emitting element, ensuring a certain degree of flatness in a coating film obtained by a wet film forming method may not be sufficient. As a result, a desired performance of an organic light-emitting element to be obtained, may not be obtained. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an ink composition for an organic light-emitting element, which can prevent the generation of waviness. There is provided an ink composition for an organic light-emitting element, including: an organic light-emitting element material; a leveling agent; and a solvent, in which the leveling agent is a block copolymer formed by performing copolymerization of at least a siloxane monomer and a hydrophobic monomer.

A process of forming a photoactive layer of a planar perovskite photoactive device comprising: applying at least one layer of a first precursor solution to a substrate to form a first precursor coating on at least one surface of the substrate, the first precursor solution comprising MX.sub.2 and AX dissolved in a first coating solvent, wherein the molar ratio of MX.sub.2:AX=1:n with 0<n<1; and applying a second precursor solution to the first precursor coating to convert the first precursor coating to a perovskite layer AMX.sub.3, the second precursor solution comprising AX dissolved in a second coating solvent, the first precursor solution reacting with the second precursor solution to form a perovskite layer AMX.sub.3 on the substrate, wherein A comprises an ammonium group or other nitrogen containing organic cation, M is selected from Pb, Sn, Ge, Ca, Sr, Cd, Cu, Ni, Mn, Co, Zn, Fe, Mg, Ba, Si, Ti, Bi, or In, X is selected from at least one of F, Cl, Br or I.

Objects of the present invention is to provide an organic semiconductor element having high mobility and to provide a composition for forming an organic semiconductor film with which an organic semiconductor film having high mobility can be formed, a method of manufacturing an organic semiconductor element formed from the composition for forming an organic semiconductor film, and a method of manufacturing an organic semiconductor film.

The organic semiconductor element according to the present invention has a semiconductor active layer including a compound that is represented by Formula 1 and has a molecular weight of 3,000 or less. The composition for forming an organic semiconductor film according to the present invention contains a compound that is represented by Formula 1 and has a molecular weight of 3,000 or less, and a solvent.

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An inductive-capacitive (LC) wireless sensor for the detection of toxic heavy metal ions includes inductors and interdigitated electrodes (IDE) in planar form. The sensor may be fabricated by screen printing silver (Ag) ink onto a flexible polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) substrate to form a metallization layer. Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NP) may be drop casted onto the IDEs to form a sensing layer. The resonant frequency of the LC sensor may be remotely monitored by measuring the reflection coefficient (S.sub.11) of a detection coil (planar inductor). The resonant frequency of the LC sensor changes with varying concentrations of heavy metals such as mercury (Hg.sup.2+) and lead (Pb.sup.2+) ions. Changes in the resonant frequency may be used to detect the presence and/or concentration of heavy metal ions.

The present disclosure provides a light-emitting device, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. The light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, a light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, and a hole transport layer between the anode and the light-emitting layer. The hole transport layer includes a first compound and a second compound, and an absolute value of an energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital of the second compound is greater than or equal to 5 eV and less than or equal to 6.5 eV.

An object of the present invention is to provide an organic semiconductor composition, which makes it possible to obtain an organic semiconductor film having high mobility and being excellent in film uniformity and heat resistance, and a method for manufacturing an organic semiconductor element.

The organic semiconductor composition of the present invention contains an organic semiconductor as Component A and an organic solvent, which is represented by Formula B-1 and has a melting point of equal to or lower than 25° C. and a boiling point of equal to or higher than 150° C. and equal to or lower than 280° C., as Component B, in which an ionization potential of Component A is equal to or higher than 5.1 eV. In the formula, X represents O, S, S═O, O═S═O, or NR, Y.sub.1 to Y.sub.4 each independently represent NR.sub.1 or CR.sub.10R.sub.11, R, R.sub.1, R.sub.10, and R.sub.11 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and n represents 1 or 2.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides an organic emitting diode including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an emitting material layer between the first and second electrodes; and an intervening layer between the emitting material layer and the second electrode and including a base material and an electron injection material, wherein the intervening layer contacts the second electrode.

The present application provides a touch sensor and a fabricating method thereof and a touch display panel, comprising: a substrate, where the substrate includes a plurality of grooves which are strip-shaped and intersected with each other to define a grid shape; a first infiltrating adjustment layer, disposed on an inside wall of the grooves; and a touch electrodes filled in the groove. The first infiltrating adjustment layer is positioned between the groove and the touch electrodes. An infiltration angle between the touch electrodes in solution state and the first infiltrating adjustment layer is α, an infiltration angle between the touch electrodes in solution state and the substrate is β, wherein α is not equal to β.

An example provides a method for forming an apparatus including a substrate imprinted with a pattern for forming isolated device regions. A method may include imprinting an unpatterned area of a substrate with a pattern to form a patterned substrate having a plurality of recessed regions at a first level and a plurality of elevated regions at a second level, and depositing a first layer of conductive material over the patterned substrate with a plurality of breaks to form a plurality of bottom electrodes. The method may include depositing a layer of an active stack, with a second layer of conductive material, over the plurality of bottom electrodes to form a plurality of devices on the plurality of recessed regions isolated from each other by the plurality of elevated regions.