A composition for forming an organic semiconductor film includes an organic semiconductor represented by Formula A-1, a polymer, a solvent having a boiling point of 150° C. or higher and an SP value of 18 to 23, and a silicone compound having a structure represented by Formula D-1.

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A composition for forming an organic semiconductor film includes an organic semiconductor represented by the following Formula A-1, and a solvent having a boiling point of from 150° C. to 300° C. and an SP value of from 15.0 to 18.0.

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An organic solar cell is provided. The organic solar cell includes a photoactive layer in which a low molecular weight conjugated compound as a first organic semiconductor material is mixed with an appropriate amount of a second organic semiconductor material. The first organic semiconductor material includes both electron donors and electron acceptors. The presence of the electron donors and the electron acceptors in the first organic semiconductor material improves the morphology of the photoactive layer, leading to high efficiency of the organic solar cell.

Provided are a compound of Formula 1 and an organic electric element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and electronic device comprising the organic electric element, wherein the driving voltage of the organic electronic device can be lowered, and the luminous efficiency and life span can be improved by comprising the compound represented by Formula 1 in the organic material layer.

Compound containing a pentalene unit having general formula (I) wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, equal to or different from each other, are selected from: linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20, preferably C.sub.2-C.sub.12, alkyl groups, saturated or unsaturated, optionally containing heteroatoms, cycloalkyl groups optionally substituted, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20, preferably C.sub.2-C.sub.12, alkoxyl groups, saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted; or the groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be optionally bound to each other so as to form, together with the carbon atoms to which they are bound, a cycle or a polycyclic system containing from 3 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms such as, for example, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, silicon, phosphorous, selenium; R.sub.3 is selected from aryl groups optionally substituted, heteroaryl groups optionally substituted; n is 0 or 1; with the proviso that: when n is 0, X represents a covalent bond and Y represents a sulfur atom (S); when n is 1, X is equal to Y, and represents a CH group, or a nitrogen atom (N). Said compound containing a pentalene unit, as such or after suitable functionalization and polymerization, can be advantageously used in the construction of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) such as, for example, photovoltaic cells (or solar cells), photovoltaic modules (or solar modules), on both rigid and flexible supports. Said compound containing a pentalene unit can also be advantageously used as a constitutive unit of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). Furthermore, said compound containing a pentalene unit can be advantageously used as precursor of monomeric units in the preparation of semiconductor polymers. ##STR00001##

An amine derivative represented by the following General Formula (1) is provided. ##STR00001##
In the above General Formula (1), Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 are independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, at least one of Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 is substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, and L is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group.

Disubstituted diaryloxybenzoheterodiazole compound of general formula (1): in which:—Z represents a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, a selenium atom; or an NR.sub.5 group in which R.sub.5 is selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20, preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.8, alkyl groups, or from optionally substituted aryl groups;—R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined in the claims. The said disubstituted diaryloxybenzoheterodiazole compound of general formula (I) can advantageously be used as a spectrum converter in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) which are in turn capable of improving the performance of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) selected, for example, from photovoltaic cells (or solar cells), photovoltaic modules (or solar modules) on either a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate.

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An organic compound and an electronic device, the organic compound being represented by General Formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein, in General Formula (1), R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are each independently hydrogen, an aryl group including a ring that includes at least six members, or a heteroaryl group including a ring that includes at least five members, at least one of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 being an aryl group including a ring that includes at least six members or a heteroaryl group including a ring that includes at least five members, and A.sup.3 is an aryl group including a ring that includes at least six members or a heteroaryl group including a ring that includes at least five members.

A thin-film transistor substrate is disclosed, which comprises a base layer; a semiconductor layer disposed on the base layer; a source electrode and a drain electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer; and a gate electrode disposed on the base layer and corresponding to the semiconductor layer; wherein the semiconductor layer includes a first region, a second region, and a third region, in which the first region corresponds to the gate electrode layer, the second region corresponds to the source electrode, and the third region corresponds to the drain electrode; and wherein the first region has a first thickness, the second region has a second thickness, and the third region has a third thickness, and the first thickness is greater than the second thickness or the third thickness.

A fused polycyclic heteroaromatic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an organic thin film, an organic thin film transistor, and an electronic device including the fused polycyclic heteroaromatic compound are provided. The fused polycyclic heteroaromatic compound may have a conjugation structure but reinforce planarity among adjacent rings and have further dense packing and thus much increase charge mobility.