A detector for optical detection of at least one object, the detector including: at least one optical sensor including at least one sensor region. The optical sensor is configured to generate at least one sensor signal dependent on an illumination of the sensor region by an incident modulated light beam. The sensor signal is dependent on a modulation frequency of the light beam. The sensor region includes at least one capacitive device including at least two electrodes. At least one insulating layer and at least one photosensitive layer are embedded between the electrodes, wherein at least one of the electrodes is at least partially optically transparent for the light beam. The detector further includes at least one evaluation device configured to generate at least one item of information on a position of the object by evaluating the sensor signal.

Optically sensitive devices include a device comprising a first contact and a second contact, each having a work function, and an optically sensitive material between the first contact and the second contact. The optically sensitive material comprises a p-type semiconductor, and the optically sensitive material has a work function. Circuitry applies a bias voltage between the first contact and the second contact. The optically sensitive material has an electron lifetime that is greater than the electron transit time from the first contact to the second contact when the bias is applied between the first contact and the second contact. The first contact provides injection of electrons and blocking the extraction of holes. The interface between the first contact and the optically sensitive material provides a surface recombination velocity less than 1 cm/s.

A silanized ITO electrode modified with ITO nanoparticles is described. ITO nanoparticles of cubic and semispherical shapes are immobilized on a silanized ITO film. The electrode may be used in an electrolytic cell to detect aqueous sulfide with a 0.5-1.4 M limit of detection. The electrode shows high specificity towards aqueous sulfide and a high reproducibility in measurement.

A method of manufacturing a solar cell is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: (a) positioning a plurality of silicon particles comprising a first layer on the outside on the dummy substrate including a plurality of holes corresponding to the holes; (b) forming an optically transparent layer on the dummy substrate to include at least one of the silicon particles; (c) removing the dummy substrate and exposing a portion of the first layer; (d) forming a plurality of first electrodes, wherein the first electrode is connected to the exposed first layer of each of the silicon particles; (e) forming an insulating layer on the first electrode; (f) removing a part of the first layer of silicon particle; (g) forming a second electrode electrically connected to the portion where the first layer of the silicon particle is removed.

A semiconductor device that utilizes intraband photon absorption in quantum dots to provide a capacitive photodetector. The presence of the quantum dots creates confined energy states within the photodetector device. Electrons are trapped in these confined energy states. When the photodetector is illuminated by light having an appropriate photon energy, the stored electrons are released to the conduction band, causing a change in the capacitance of the photodetector. By measuring this change in capacitance, light incident on the photodetector can be detected and quantified.

A device comprising: a plurality of gold nanoparticles coupled with an intertwined ZnO nanorods network, wherein the device is configured for detecting light in the visible wavelength.

PV layer sequences and corresponding production methods which can reliably provide a PV function with a long service life despite very low production costs. This is achieved by a reactive conditioning process of inorganic particles as part of a room-temperature printing method; the reactive surface conditioning process adjusts the PV activity in a precise manner, provides a kinetically controlled reaction product, and can ensure the desired PV activity even when using technically pure starting materials with 97% purity. In concrete embodiments, particles are printed in composite so as to form sub-sections on a support. Each sub-section has a reductively treated section and an oxidatively treated section, and the sections have PV activity with opposite signs. The sections can be cascaded in rows via upper-face contacts, and a precise light-dependent potential sum can be tapped via a PV measuring group.

A method of forming a wavelength detector that includes forming a first transparent material layer having a uniform thickness on a first mirror structure, and forming an active element layer including a plurality of nanomaterial sections and electrodes in an alternating sequence atop the first transparent material layer. A second transparent material layer is formed having a plurality of different thickness portions atop the active element layer, wherein each thickness portion correlates to at least one of the plurality of nanomaterials. A second mirror structure is formed on the second transparent material layer.

An infrared detector and an infrared sensor including the infrared detector are provided. The infrared detector includes a plurality of quantum dots spaced apart from each other and including a first component, a first semiconductor layer covering the plurality of quantum dots, and a second semiconductor layer covering the first semiconductor layer.

An apparatus and method, the apparatus including a charge carrier wherein the charge carrier includes a continuous three dimensional framework including a plurality of cavities throughout the framework; sensor material provided throughout the charge carrier; wherein the sensor material is configured to transduce a detected input and change conductivity of the charge carrier in dependence of the detected input.