A polyisocyanate composition is produced by reaction of bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane with trimethylolpropane, and contains a trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body obtained by reaction of three molecules of bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane with one molecule of trimethylolpropane, and a trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body obtained by reaction of five molecules of bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane with two molecules of trimethylolpropane; and the molar ratio of trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body relative to trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body (trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body/trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body) contained in the polyisocyanate composition is 1.5 or more and 4.5 or less.

The present invention aims to provide an ETFE film having excellent transparency and heat resistance and cost efficiency. The present invention relates to a film including a copolymer containing an ethylene unit, a tetrafluoroethylene unit, and a (fluoroalkyl)ethylene unit represented by Formula (1):
CH.sub.2═CX—Rf  (1)
wherein X represents H or F, and Rf represents a fluoroalkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, the copolymer containing the (fluoroalkyl)ethylene unit in an amount of 0.8 to 2.5 mol % relative to the amount of all the monomer units and containing the ethylene unit and the tetrafluoroethylene unit at a molar ratio of 30.0/70.0 to 50.0/50.0, the film having a crystallinity of 68% or less, the crystallinity being calculated on the basis of a diffraction intensity curve of the film resulting from X-ray diffraction measurement.

A process for encapsulating a photovoltaic cell, comprising the steps of: (1) sequentially laying back-panel, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as EVA), cell group, EVA and glass from bottom to top; subsequently, laminating the module after all layers are aligned; (2) mounting accessories to the laminated module; the cell group comprises a plurality of cell pieces, which is electrically connected through electric conductors; a light-absorbing strip is disposed between the cell pieces, which is used to refract or reflect the light irradiating on the space between the cell pieces to other areas on the cell pieces; after aligning the light-absorbing strip to the spaces between the cell pieces, the laminating process of the module can be performed.

A photovoltaic module is specified, comprising: a cylindrical light-transmissive tube enclosing an interior and having a main extension direction and a curved inner surface facing the interior, and a mechanically flexible photovoltaic component comprising a solar cell arrangement applied on a carrier film, wherein the photovoltaic component is arranged in the interior, the solar cell arrangement has a curvature, wherein the curvature follows the curved course of the inner surface of the tube at least in places and the solar cell arrangement at least partly covers the inner surface, wherein the covered inner surface forms a light passage surface of the photovoltaic module.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic device comprising: —forming a porous first conducting layer on one side of a porous insulating substrate, —coating the first conducting layer with a layer of grains of a doped semiconducting material to form a structure, —performing a first heat treatment of the structure to bond the grains to the first conducting layer, —forming electrically insulating layers on surfaces of the first conducting layer, —forming a second conducting layer on an opposite side of the porous insulating substrate, —applying a charge conducting material onto the surfaces of the grains, inside pores of the first conducting layer, and inside pores of the insulating substrate, and—electrically connecting the charge conducting material to the second conducting layer.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to photovoltaic module for use on a roof. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module may include a solar cell and a polymeric continuous fiber tape. In some embodiments, the polymeric continuous fiber tape comprises a polymer and glass fiber. In some embodiments, the glass fiber is present in an amount greater than about 50% by weight based on a total weight of the polymeric continuous fiber tape. In some embodiments, the polymeric continuous fiber tape comprises an elastic modulus greater than 1 GPa and an optical transmission greater than 80%.

To provide a sealing material sheet for a solar-cell module that has high productivity, and can also suppress unevenness in thickness at the time of integration as a solar-cell module. There is provided a sealing material sheet 1 in which there are two inflection point temperatures that are temperatures only around which a change rate of the linear expansion coefficient locally increases, a first inflection point temperature at a low temperature side of two inflection point temperatures is within a range of 55° C. to 70° C., and a second inflection point at a high temperature side of the inflection point temperatures is within a range of 80° C. to 95° C.

Disclosed is a solar cell module including an n-type crystalline silicon-based solar cell element as a power generation element, in which at least one surface of the n-type crystalline silicon-based solar cell element is encapsulated with a solar-cell encapsulating material including an ethylene•α-olefin copolymer satisfying the following requirements a1) to a4).

a1) A content proportion of a structural unit derived from ethylene is in a range of 80 to 90 mol %, and a content proportion of a structural unit derived from an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is in a range of 10 to 20 mol %.

a2) MFR measured under defined conditions is in a range of 0.1 to 50 g/10 minutes. a3) A density, which is measured under defined conditions in a range of 0.865 to 0.884 g/cm.sup.3.

a4) A Shore A hardness, which is measured under defined conditions is in a range of 60 to 85.

The present disclosure concerns a photovoltaic sandwich panel (1) comprising a photovoltaic element layer (2) provided between a protective front layer (3), and a fiber reinforced back layer (4), wherein: the protective front layer is formed from a compound comprising a first thermoplastic polymer (PI); and the fiber reinforced back layer comprises a second thermoplastic polymer (P2) with a fibrous filler material (F). The disclosure further concerns a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic sandwich panel and an assembly of said panels.

A method for binding photovoltaic cells to a substrate, each photovoltaic cell comprising a rear face and a front face, comprises: providing the substrate, said substrate being flexible and impregnable; impregnating portions of the substrate with a crosslinkable polymer material, said portions being impregnated along the thickness of the substrate with a view to bonding the photovoltaic cells to the substrate; bringing the rear faces of the photovoltaic cells into contact with the impregnated portions of the substrate crosslinking the crosslinkable polymer material.