A back contact solar cell string includes: at least two cell pieces, where each cell piece comprises positive electrode regions and negative electrode regions alternately disposed with each other; insulation layers, covering the positive electrode regions on one side of the cell piece and the negative electrode regions on another side of the cell piece; and a first bus bar, connected to two adjacent cell pieces and electrically connected to the positive electrode regions and the negative electrode regions in the two adjacent cell pieces that are not covered by the insulation layers.

The present invention is directed to solar cell strings (1) for photovoltaic modules comprising (i) a string of solar cells (2a, 2b, 2c) facing each other in opposite polarity and shingled in string direction with or without partial overlap of solar cells (2a, 2b, 2c); (ii) at least one elongated electrically conducting interconnect (3a, 3b) extending in string direction from one side of one solar cell to the opposite side of the next solar cell (2a, 2b, 2c) for mechanically and electrically connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the shingled solar cells (2a, 2b, 2c) in string direction on the alternating top and bottom sides of the solar cells, and (iii) at least two adhesives, optionally thermoadhesive foils (4a, 4b) covering the at least one elongated interconnect (3a, 3b) and at least part of the top or bottom side of each solar cell that comprises the elongated interconnect, with the proviso that (a) there is no horizontal gap between shingled solar cells, (b) the adhesives (4a, 4b) do not contact each other, do not extend beyond one solar cell, do not extend into the optional partial overlap of solar cells (2a, 2b, 2c), and at least partially cover and mechanically fixate the at least one interconnect (3a, 3b) to the solar cells (2a, 2b, 2c).

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems provide for solar panel arrays that can be aesthetically pleasing to an observer. BIPV systems can be incorporated as part of roof surfaces as built into the structure of the roof, particularly as photovoltaic modules having the appearance of a plurality of roofing tiles that each have photovoltaic cells. Each photovoltaic module may include a metal backer, photovoltaic cells, and light transmissive top sheets adhered to both the metal backer and the photovoltaic cells. BIPV systems can also include non-photovoltaic modules that appear similar to photovoltaic modules, but do not collect solar energy.

A solar cell of an embodiment includes a p-electrode, an n-electrode, a p-type light-absorbing layer located between the p-electrode and the n-electrode and mainly containing a cuprous oxide, and an n-type layer includes a first n-type layer which is located between the p-type light-absorbing layer and the n-electrode and mainly contains a compound represented by Ga.sub.x1M1.sub.x2M2.sub.x3M3.sub.x4O.sub.x5, the M1 being Al and/or B, the M2 being one or more selected from the group consisting of In, Ti, Zn, Hf, and Zr, the M3 being one or more selected from the group consisting of Sn, Si, and Ge, the x1 and the x5 being more than 0, the x2, the x3, and the x4 being 0 or more, and the x5 when a sum of the x1, the x2, the x3, and the x4 is 2 being 3.0 or more and 3.8 or less, and a second n-type layer which is located between the first n-type layer and the n-electrode and mainly contains a compound represented by Ga.sub.y1M1.sub.y2M2.sub.y3M3.sub.y4O.sub.y5, the y1 and the y5 being more than 0, the y2, the y3, and the y4 being 0 or more, and the y5 when a sum of the y1, the y2, the y3, and the y4 is 2 being 3.0 or more and 3.8 or less, or a first n-type region which is located between the p-type light-absorbing layer and the n-electrode and mainly contains a compound represented by Ga.sub.x1M1.sub.x2M2.sub.x3M3.sub.x4O.sub.x5, the M1 being Al and/or B, the M2 being one or more selected from the group consisting of In, Ti, Zn, Hf, and Zr, the M3 being one or more selected from the group consisting of Sn, Si, and Ge, the x1 and the x5 being more than 0, the x2, the x3, and the x4 being 0 or more, and the x5 when a sum of the x1, the x2, the x3, and the x4 is 2 being 3.0 or more and 3.8 or less, and a second n-type region which is located between the first n-type region and the n-electrode and mainly contains a compound represented by Ga.sub.y1M1.sub.y2M2.sub.y3M3.sub.y4O.sub.y5, the y1 and the y5 being more than 0, the y2, the y3, and the y4 being 0 or more, and the y5 when a sum of the y1, the y2, the y3, and the y4 is 2 being 3.0 or more and 3.8 or less, wherein (x2+x3) is larger than (y2+y3).

The present disclosure discloses a solar module, including solar cells, each solar cell includes a front surface and a rear surface arranged opposite to each other. The solar cell includes a semiconductor substrate and busbars located on one side of the semiconductor substrate, first electrode pads are provided at the busbars, a number of the first electrode pads ranges from 6 to 12. The solar module includes an electrode line with one end connected to the first electrode pads of the busbars on front surface of the solar cell and the other end connected to the first electrode pads of the busbars on rear surface of the adjacent solar cell. A relation between a diameter of the electrode line and a number of the busbars is 116.55x.sup.2−92.03x+27.35<y<582.75x.sup.2−425.59x+92.58, x denotes the diameter of the electrode line, and y denotes the number of the busbars.

The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing thin, efficient, and aesthetically pleasing PV modules having masked or non-shiny interconnects. The method involves a step of applying a masking material over interconnects that are used for electrically connecting PV cells associated with the PV module. The masking material is in form or a strip or ribbon or paste adapted to be attached or applied over the interconnects, which saves the material and also restricts shining of the interconnects. Further, a clear glass superstrate is attached on top of the masked PV cells, and another glass substrate or polymer backsheet is attached to bottom of the masked PV cells. The masking material used is a chemical or radiation stable material, same as the material used for manufacturing the PV module, which restricts deterioration due to chemical reactions or UV light exposure.

There is provided a light trapping dynamic photovoltaic module having a module surface configured to be exposed to solar rays, including a plurality of photovoltaic cell stacks configured adjacent to each other throughout the module surface, wherein each photovoltaic cell stack comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells. Further, a plurality of reflective strips are placed in between each of the photovoltaic cell stacks for continuously reflecting incident solar rays from one reflective strip to another until absorbed by a photovoltaic cell among said plurality of photovoltaic cells, wherein the incident solar rays are continuously reflected through a mirror phenomenon, wherein the incident solar rays are additionally reflected by front and back panels of the dynamic photovoltaic module, thereby trapping incident solar rays within boundaries of the dynamic photovoltaic module for conversion into electrical energy. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the light trapping photovoltaic module.

The present invention relates to a solar panel to which a high-damping stacked reinforcement part is applied and, more specifically, to a solar panel to which a high-damping stacked reinforcement part is applied, comprising: a power generation unit for generating electrical energy; a coupling part to which the power generation unit is coupled, and which has a circuit formed therein; and a reinforcement part for reinforcing the rigidity of the coupling part and damping vibration to be transmitted, and thus the present invention can prevent the power generation unit from being damaged by vibration, or the solar panel from inducing wobbling of a satellite by failing to damp the vibration.

A solar cell module is discussed. The solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells each including a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, which are formed on a back surface of the semiconductor substrate and are separated from each other, the plurality of solar cells disposed in a first direction; a plurality of first conductive lines connected to the plurality of first electrodes included in a first solar cell of the plurality of solar cells, and the plurality of first conductive lines extended in the first direction; a plurality of second conductive lines connected to the plurality of second electrodes included in a second solar cell of the plurality of solar cells which is adjacent to the first solar cell, and the plurality of second conductive lines extended in the first direction.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell including: preparing a semiconductor silicon substrate which has an electrode, which is formed by baking an electrode precursor containing Ag powder on at least one main surface, has a PN junction, and is less than 100° C.; and performing an annealing treatment to the semiconductor silicon substrate at 100° C. or more and 450° C. or less. Consequently, there is provided the method for manufacturing a solar cell which suppresses a degradation phenomenon that an output of the solar cell is lowered when the solar cell is left as it stands at a room temperature in the atmosphere.