A conductive current collector with modified surfaces can be included as a portion of a bipolar battery assembly. The fabrication process can include deposition or formation of a thin film layer such as metal silicide on a surface of the current collector. Metal silicides can be created by co-sputtering or by annealing after deposition of one or more of a silicon or a metal layer. Additional layers can be provided, such as to facilitate adhesion of an active material to a current collector.

A battery is disclosed that includes an anode, a graded interface layer disposed on the anode, a cathode positioned opposite to the anode, an electrolyte, and a separator. The anode may output lithium ions during cycling of the battery. A graded interface layer may be disposed on the anode and include a tin fluoride layer. A tin-lithium alloy region may form between the tin fluoride layer and the anode. The tin-lithium alloy region may produce a lithium fluoride uniformly dispersed between the anode and the tin fluoride layer during operational cycling of the battery. The electrolyte may disperse throughout the cathode and the anode. The separator may be positioned between the anode and cathode. In some aspects, the battery may also include lithium electrodeposited on one or more exposed surfaces of the anode.

A method of fabricating and using a zinc negative electrode and systems thereof are described. A zinc electroplated electrode including a layer of zinc metal bonded to a surface of an electrically conductive current collector is fabricated by an electroplating process using a zinc electroplating system. The zinc electroplating system includes: a zinc metal anode, a cathode including the current collector for plating zinc thereon, and an electrolyte bath comprising zinc ions. The electroplating process bonds the zinc metal to the surface of the current collector to create the electroplated zinc electrode. The electroplated zinc electrode is used as a negative electrode in a zinc metal cell. The zinc metal cell may be a primary cell or a secondary cell.

A method for manufacturing an anode for a cable-type secondary battery, includes forming a lithium-containing electrode layer on the outer surface of a wire-type current collector; and surrounding the outer surface of the lithium-containing electrode layer with a substrate for forming a polymer layer spirally, and pressing the outside of the substrate for forming a polymer layer to form a polymer layer on the lithium-containing electrode layer, wherein the polymer layer includes a hydrophobic polymer, an ion conductive polymer, and a binder for binding the hydrophobic polymer and the ion conductive polymer with each other. An anode obtained from the method and a cable-type secondary battery including the anode are also provided.

A method of fabrication of Ni electrodes by hydrogen bubbles dynamic templated electrodeposition of Ni on a substrate, the method comprising one of: i) selecting a current, and selecting an electrodeposition time at the selected current according to a deposit target thickness on the substrate; and ii) selecting an electrodeposition time, and selecting a current during the selected electrodeposition time according to the deposit target thickness on the substrate. The dynamic hydrogen bubble templated Ni films comprises micrometer-sized pores at a surface thereof, and pore walls having a cauliflower-like secondary structure.

Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to electrodes for energy storage devices. The electrodes include a substrate from which extends bundles of carbon nanotubes. A metal, such as lithium, infiltrates the bundles, between the carbon nanotubes, to coat the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes. The bundled, metal-coated carbon nanotubes are covered with a layer of solid-electrolyte interphase that can be formed before the metal is inserted into the bundles by pretreating the bundles with an electrolyte bearing ions of the metal.

Systems, articles, and methods generally related to the electrochemical formation of layers comprising halogen ions on substrates are described.

A metallic electrode comprises an electroactive material comprising zinc, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, silver, brass, copper, stainless steel, nickel, selenium, or any combination thereof, and an additive comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of bismuth, copper, indium, a salt thereof, an oxide thereof, and any combination thereof. The additive is plated in a layer on the electroactive material.

The present disclosure provides the use of prelithiated hard carbon in the preparation of lean lithium metal anode electrode, the incorporation of the lean lithium metal anode electrode into full cells, and the evaluation of the electrochemical performances in the full cell under practical conditions. A full cell using the prelithiated hard carbon with lean lithium metal anode electrode and a high-capacity cathode can exhibit high energy density, high Coulombic efficiency, and long cycling life.

Energy-storage devices in which the energy storage device has an electrode that includes graphitic carbon, carbon nanotubes, and a metallic-lithium layer between the carbon nanotubes and the energy-storage device further has an electrolyte that is in contact with the metallic lithium layer. The methods of manufacturing the energy-storage devices include that the energy storage device is made by providing electrodes that have a layer of carbon nanotubes adjacent additional carbon, applying a layer of lithium between the carbon nanotubes in the layer of carbon nanotubes of at least one of the electrodes, and providing an electrolyte between the electrodes.