The present disclosure relates to a copper foil that exhibits surprising low repulsive force characteristics; and to methods for manufacturing such copper foils. Typically, the copper foil has (a) a lightness L* value of the nodule untreated side, based on the L*a*b color system, in the range of 75 to 90 and (b) a normal tensile strength in the range of 40 kgf/mm.sup.2 to 55 kgf/mm.sup.2. The disclosure further relates to flexible printed circuit boards and electronic devices using the above-mentioned copper foils for forming conductive lines therein.

The present disclosure relates to a copper foil that exhibits surprising low repulsive force characteristics; and to methods for manufacturing such copper foils. Typically, the copper foil has (a) a lightness L* value of the nodule untreated side, based on the L*a*b color system, in the range of 75 to 90 and (b) a normal tensile strength in the range of 40 kgf/mm.sup.2 to 55 kgf/mm.sup.2. The disclosure further relates to flexible printed circuit boards and electronic devices using the above-mentioned copper foils for forming conductive lines therein.

A substrate-free, self-supporting and/or binder-free silicon material, as well as related articles, systems and methods are disclosed. The silicon material can have a relatively large empty volume, and/or a relatively low density. Exemplary articles include battery electrodes, such as rechargeable metal ion battery electrodes. Exemplary systems include batteries, such as rechargeable metal ion batteries.

A process for delineating a population of electrode structures in a web includes laser ablating the web to form ablations in the web, each ablation being formed by removing a portion of an electrochemically active layer to thereby expose a portion of an electrically conductive layer. The process includes forming alignment features in the web that are formed at predetermined locations on the web. The process also includes laser machining the web to form weakened tear patterns in the web that delineate members of the electrode structure population, each of the delineated members being individually bounded, at least in part, by a member of the weakened tear patterns that is adapted to facilitate separation of delineated members, individually, from the web by an application of a force, the alignment features being used to aid in the formation of the weakened tear patterns.

A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a negative electrode in which the negative electrode is pre-lithiated, a method of manufacturing the negative electrode, and a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode. The pre-lithiated negative electrode may increase the capacity and improve the electrochemical performance of a lithium secondary battery by securing the initial reversibility of a negative electrode.

The present disclosure relates to a copper foil that exhibits surprising low repulsive force characteristics; and to methods for manufacturing such copper foils. Typically, the copper foil has (a) a lightness L* value of the nodule untreated side, based on the L*a*b color system, in the range of 75 to 90 and (b) a normal tensile strength in the range of 40 kgf/mm.sup.2 to 55 kgf/mm.sup.2. The disclosure further relates to flexible printed circuit boards and electronic devices using the above-mentioned copper foils for forming conductive lines therein.

A solid electrolyte interface is formed on a silicon monoxide electrode in a battery cell. After the solid electrolyte interface is formed on the silicon monoxide electrode, the battery cell is charged for one or more initial cycles while the battery cell is compressed.

In a method of manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery, first, lithium nickel manganese oxide which is a positive electrode active material is exposed to fluorine-based gas to form a coating film containing amorphous lithium fluoride on a surface of the positive electrode active material. Next, a phosphate compound is added to the positive electrode active material on which the coating film containing the lithium fluoride is formed. After a lithium ion secondary battery which includes a positive electrode including the positive electrode active material is formed, the lithium ion secondary battery is charged to form a coating film containing amorphous lithium phosphate on the surface of the positive electrode active material.

A silicon based micro-structured material and methods are shown. In one example, the silicon based micro-structured material is used as an electrode in a battery, such as a lithium ion battery, we have successfully demonstrated the first synthesis of a scalable carbon-coated silicon nanofiber paper for next generation binderless free-standing electrodes for Li-ion batteries that will significantly increase total capacity at the cell level. The excellent electrochemical performance coupled with the high degree of scalability rriake this material an idea candidate for next-generation anodes for electric vehicle applications. C-coated SiNF paper electrodes offer a highly feasible alternative to the traditional slurry-based approach to Li-ion battery electrodes through the elimination of carbon black, polymer binders, and metallic current collectors.

Provided is a method for manufacturing an anode of a cable-type secondary battery having a solid electrolyte layer, including preparing an aqueous solution of an anode active material, making an anode by immersing a core as a current collector having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and extending longitudinally in the aqueous solution, then applying an electric current to form a porous shell of the anode active material on the surface of the core, and forming a solid electrolyte layer on the surface of the anode by passing the anode through a solid electrolyte solution. The anode has a high contact area to increase the mobility of lithium ions, thereby improving battery performance. Also, the anode is capable of relieving stress and pressure in the battery, such as volume expansion during charging and discharging, thereby preventing battery deformation and ensuring battery stability.