A negative electrode for a lithium metal battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium metal battery comprising the same are provided. The negative electrode includes a metal current collector, a lithium metal layer formed on at least one surface of the metal current collector, and a protective layer formed on the lithium metal layer, the protective layer comprising a metal powder or metal wire, an alloyable metal powder or alloyable metal wire, or a mixture thereof.

The present disclosure provides a protective film for a lithium electrode and a lithium electrode for a lithium secondary battery including the same. The protective film includes a first layer, which includes polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) and is porous, and a second layer, which is disposed on the first layer, includes a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and is porous.

The present disclosure provides a protective film for a lithium electrode and a lithium electrode for a lithium secondary battery including the same. The protective film includes a first layer, which includes polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) and is porous, and a second layer, which is disposed on the first layer, includes a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and is porous.

An energy storage device can include a first electrode, a second electrode and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode wherein the first electrode or the second electrode includes elemental lithium metal and carbon particles. A method for fabricating an energy storage device can include forming a first electrode and a second electrode, and inserting a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, where forming the first electrode or the second electrode can include combining elemental lithium metal and a plurality of carbon particles.

An energy storage device can include a first electrode, a second electrode and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode wherein the first electrode or the second electrode includes elemental lithium metal and carbon particles. A method for fabricating an energy storage device can include forming a first electrode and a second electrode, and inserting a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, where forming the first electrode or the second electrode can include combining elemental lithium metal and a plurality of carbon particles.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide an active material whose volume variation due to charge and discharge is small. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing an active material comprising a primary particle including at least one crystal phase of a Type I silicon clathrate and a Type II silicon clathrate, and the primary particle includes a void inside thereof.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide an active material whose volume variation due to charge and discharge is small. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing an active material comprising a primary particle including at least one crystal phase of a Type I silicon clathrate and a Type II silicon clathrate, and the primary particle includes a void inside thereof.

A silicon-based negative electrode material, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof in a lithium ion battery are provided. A lithium ion battery contains the silicon-based negative electrode material. The negative electrode material contains a silicon-containing material and a phosphorus-containing coating layer at the surface of the silicon-containing material. The phosphorus-containing coating layer contains a polymer that has polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon structural segments. The negative electrode material exhibits improved initial coulombic efficiency, reversible charging specific capacity, cycle charging capacity retention and conductivity. When used in the lithium ion battery, the negative electrode material may improve the energy density of the battery.

A method of preparing a secondary battery including pre-lithiating an electrode assembly including an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators, and a metal substrate. The plurality of electrodes and the plurality of separators are alternatingly stacked. The pre-lithiating includes supplying lithium ions from one of the plurality of positive electrodes to one of the plurality of negative electrodes up to a state of charge (SOC) of A % by electrically connecting one of the plurality of positive electrodes and one of the plurality of negative electrodes and applying a first current, supplying lithium ions from the metal substrate to the positive electrodes up to B % of capacity of the positive electrodes by electrically connecting the metal substrate and the positive electrodes and applying a second current, after applying the first current, and resting the electrode assembly, after applying the second current.

A method of preparing a secondary battery including pre-lithiating an electrode assembly including an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators, and a metal substrate. The plurality of electrodes and the plurality of separators are alternatingly stacked. The pre-lithiating includes supplying lithium ions from one of the plurality of positive electrodes to one of the plurality of negative electrodes up to a state of charge (SOC) of A % by electrically connecting one of the plurality of positive electrodes and one of the plurality of negative electrodes and applying a first current, supplying lithium ions from the metal substrate to the positive electrodes up to B % of capacity of the positive electrodes by electrically connecting the metal substrate and the positive electrodes and applying a second current, after applying the first current, and resting the electrode assembly, after applying the second current.