Provided herein are aqueous rechargeable batteries comprising: an anode including tin; a cathode; and an aqueous electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode. Other embodiments include methods of making a Sn anode material comprising forming tin oxide nanoparticlcs and coating the tin oxide nanoparticles with a conductive support.

A power storage device including a negative electrode active material layer which contains carbon particles, silicon-based particles and a polyimide-based binder, in which the negative electrode active material layer has a porosity of more than 40%. The power storage device has a high charge/discharge capacity and excellent cycle characteristics.

Lithium metal anodes have a current collector foil laminated to a layer of lithium metal (or alloy) which has particulate materials at least partially embedded therein to reduce dendrite formation and thus improve the performance and cycle life of the anode. The lithium anodes are conveniently produced using a roller press process.

A method of preparing a secondary battery which includes pre-lithiating an electrode assembly which includes an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators, and a metal substrate. The plurality of electrodes and the plurality of separators are alternatingly, stacked. The metal substrate is present on an outermost surface of the electrode structure in a direction in which the electrode and the separator are stacked. Each positive electrode and negative electrode are spaced apart from each other with one separator of the plurality of separators disposed therebetween. The pre-lithiating includes applying a first current by electrically connecting one of the plurality of positive electrodes and one of the plurality of negative electrodes, and applying a second current by electrically connecting the metal substrate and one of the plurality of positive electrodes, after applying the first current.

A method of preparing a secondary battery which includes pre-lithiating an electrode assembly which includes an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators, and a metal substrate. The plurality of electrodes and the plurality of separators are alternatingly, stacked. The metal substrate is present on an outermost surface of the electrode structure in a direction in which the electrode and the separator are stacked. Each positive electrode and negative electrode are spaced apart from each other with one separator of the plurality of separators disposed therebetween. The pre-lithiating includes applying a first current by electrically connecting one of the plurality of positive electrodes and one of the plurality of negative electrodes, and applying a second current by electrically connecting the metal substrate and one of the plurality of positive electrodes, after applying the first current.

A preparation method of a cathode slurry and a battery are provided. The preparation method includes: S1, mixing materials containing a plasticizer and an additive to form a premixed slurry A; and S2, mixing a styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion with the premixed slurry A. The plasticizer includes a first functional group including at least one of a hydroxyl group, a carbonate group, and a ketone group. The additive includes a second functional group including at least one of a carboxyl group, a nitrile group, and an amide group.

A negative-electrode plate, a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electric apparatus including such negative-electrode plate are provided. The negative-electrode plate includes an alkali metal layer and a polymer film layer provided on at least one surface of the alkali metal layer. Surface resistivity of the polymer film layer gradually increases in a thickness direction of the polymer film layer away from the alkali metal layer. When the negative-electrode plate is used in a secondary battery, lithium dendrites can be effectively inhibited.

A negative-electrode plate, a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electric apparatus including such negative-electrode plate are provided. The negative-electrode plate includes an alkali metal layer and a polymer film layer provided on at least one surface of the alkali metal layer. Surface resistivity of the polymer film layer gradually increases in a thickness direction of the polymer film layer away from the alkali metal layer. When the negative-electrode plate is used in a secondary battery, lithium dendrites can be effectively inhibited.

A lithium ion secondary battery includes: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material which contains silicon or a silicon alloy and a compound containing a first element, the electrolytic solution contains an imide salt which contains the first element and an imide anion, and the first element is any one or more elements selected from the group consisting of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Cs, Al, and Zn.

A lithium ion secondary battery includes: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material which contains silicon or a silicon alloy and a compound containing a first element, the electrolytic solution contains an imide salt which contains the first element and an imide anion, and the first element is any one or more elements selected from the group consisting of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Cs, Al, and Zn.