A positive electrode lead paste for a long-life silicon-based bipolar lead battery and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The positive electrode lead paste includes a lead powder, a short fiber, a graphite powder, SnSO.sub.4, Ti.sub.4O.sub.7, Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, 4PbO.Math.PbSO.sub.4, sodium perborate, dilute sulfuric acid, and deionized water. The preparation method includes S1, adding a graphite powder, 4PbO.Math.PbSO.sub.4, SnSO.sub.4, Ti.sub.4O.sub.7, Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, sodium perborate, and a short fiber to a lead powder, and dry-stirring for 5 min until the above materials are evenly mixed to obtain a premixture 1; S2, rapidly adding deionized water to the premixture 1, and thoroughly stirring for 10 min to obtain a premixture 2; and S3, slowly adding dilute sulfuric acid to the premixture 2 within 10 min, where a temperature of a resulting mixture is 70? C., and stirring the resulting mixture for 10 min; and cooling to 50? C., and controlling the apparent density at 4.45?0.1 g/cm.sup.3.

A positive electrode lead paste for a long-life silicon-based bipolar lead battery and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The positive electrode lead paste includes a lead powder, a short fiber, a graphite powder, SnSO.sub.4, Ti.sub.4O.sub.7, Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, 4PbO.Math.PbSO.sub.4, sodium perborate, dilute sulfuric acid, and deionized water. The preparation method includes S1, adding a graphite powder, 4PbO.Math.PbSO.sub.4, SnSO.sub.4, Ti.sub.4O.sub.7, Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, sodium perborate, and a short fiber to a lead powder, and dry-stirring for 5 min until the above materials are evenly mixed to obtain a premixture 1; S2, rapidly adding deionized water to the premixture 1, and thoroughly stirring for 10 min to obtain a premixture 2; and S3, slowly adding dilute sulfuric acid to the premixture 2 within 10 min, where a temperature of a resulting mixture is 70? C., and stirring the resulting mixture for 10 min; and cooling to 50? C., and controlling the apparent density at 4.45?0.1 g/cm.sup.3.

A grid guidance device for guiding battery grids to a battery pasting machine. The grid guidance device includes an assemblage of components that work together to adjust a position of a platform relative to a pasting orifice of the battery pasting machine. The platform receives the battery grids over it amid use of the grid guidance device. Multiple electric motors can be provided to rotate shafts for making the position adjustments. The position adjustments can involve one or more of the following: lateral positioning of the battery grids relative to the pasting orifice, advancement and retraction positioning of the platform relative to the pasting orifice, and/or raising and lowering positioning of the platform relative to the pasting orifice.

A grid guidance device for guiding battery grids to a battery pasting machine. The grid guidance device includes an assemblage of components that work together to adjust a position of a platform relative to a pasting orifice of the battery pasting machine. The platform receives the battery grids over it amid use of the grid guidance device. Multiple electric motors can be provided to rotate shafts for making the position adjustments. The position adjustments can involve one or more of the following: lateral positioning of the battery grids relative to the pasting orifice, advancement and retraction positioning of the platform relative to the pasting orifice, and/or raising and lowering positioning of the platform relative to the pasting orifice.

In various embodiments an improved binder composition, electrolyte composition and a separator film composition using discrete carbon nanotubes. Their methods of production and utility for energy storage and collection devices, like batteries, capacitors and photovoltaics, is described. The binder, electrolyte, or separator composition can further comprise polymers. The discrete carbon nanotubes further comprise at least a portion of the tubes being open ended and/or functionalized. The utility of the binder, electrolyte or separator film composition includes improved capacity, power or durability in energy storage and collection devices. The utility of the electrolyte and or separator film compositions includes improved ion transport in energy storage and collection devices.

In various embodiments an improved binder composition, electrolyte composition and a separator film composition using discrete carbon nanotubes. Their methods of production and utility for energy storage and collection devices, like batteries, capacitors and photovoltaics, is described. The binder, electrolyte, or separator composition can further comprise polymers. The discrete carbon nanotubes further comprise at least a portion of the tubes being open ended and/or functionalized. The utility of the binder, electrolyte or separator film composition includes improved capacity, power or durability in energy storage and collection devices. The utility of the electrolyte and or separator film compositions includes improved ion transport in energy storage and collection devices.

A microporous lead-containing solid material is produced, which can serve as a carrier for desired materials into a reaction for various desired purposes. For example, if the microporous solid is impregnated with borax it tends to inhibit the growth of unduly large crystals of tetrabasic lead, which is useful in producing batteries having improved functional qualities.

A microporous lead-containing solid material is produced, which can serve as a carrier for desired materials into a reaction for various desired purposes. For example, if the microporous solid is impregnated with borax it tends to inhibit the growth of unduly large crystals of tetrabasic lead, which is useful in producing batteries having improved functional qualities.

A battery electrode with a pasting textile, fabric, or scrim made with an electrode grid (e.g., a stamped grid or expanded metal grid) coated in battery electrode and covered with pasting textile formed of a bonded, non-woven fiber web. The web is formed from one or more fibers with an average length greater than 20 m. In various embodiments, the web is formed from one or more spun, continuous fibers. The battery electrode may be made in a continuous process where multiple grids are formed in a single sheet, coated with electrode active material and the scrim before being cut into individual electrodes.

A battery electrode with a pasting textile, fabric, or scrim made with an electrode grid (e.g., a stamped grid or expanded metal grid) coated in battery electrode and covered with pasting textile formed of a bonded, non-woven fiber web. The web is formed from one or more fibers with an average length greater than 20 m. In various embodiments, the web is formed from one or more spun, continuous fibers. The battery electrode may be made in a continuous process where multiple grids are formed in a single sheet, coated with electrode active material and the scrim before being cut into individual electrodes.