A method for impregnating an active paste into a fibre material in the manufacture of an electrode of a lead acid battery or cell, comprises moving a fibre material through a confined pasting zone also containing a Pb-based paste, while vibrating and maintaining a pressure on the paste, to continuously impregnate the paste into the fibre material. A paste impregnating machine is also disclosed, with a fibre material feed system, and which may use a lug along the fibre material to draw the fibre material through the paste application stage.

A novel pair of lead acid battery electrodes are proposed, which are bagged in terelyne cloth bag without having used any pasting to avoid paste mixer, pasting machine and oven etc. By increasing active material ratio to structural material, higher energy density is achieved. Uses of bag system for both negative and positive plate protect the plates from shredding of active materials on use of battery with lesser chance of failure.

A novel pair of lead acid battery electrodes are proposed, which are bagged in terelyne cloth bag without having used any pasting to avoid paste mixer, pasting machine and oven etc. By increasing active material ratio to structural material, higher energy density is achieved. Uses of bag system for both negative and positive plate protect the plates from shredding of active materials on use of battery with lesser chance of failure.

In an aspect, a method of making a composition, comprising forming a solvent mixture comprising a polymer and a solvent; precipitating the solvent mixture with a non-solvent to form the composition comprising the filler in a fibrillated polymer matrix, wherein the composition is in the form of a particulate and at least one of the solvent and the non-solvent comprises a filler; and separating the composition from the solvent and the non-solvent to isolate the composition. In another aspect, a porous material wherein the filler particles are mechanically bonded together by the polymer and wherein the polymer is present as filaments adhering to and connecting the filler particles across interstitial spaces between the filler particles. In another aspect, a precipitated polymer solution produced by a phase inversion where the majority of the liquids can be mechanically removed.

In an aspect, a method of making a composition, comprising forming a solvent mixture comprising a polymer and a solvent; precipitating the solvent mixture with a non-solvent to form the composition comprising the filler in a fibrillated polymer matrix, wherein the composition is in the form of a particulate and at least one of the solvent and the non-solvent comprises a filler; and separating the composition from the solvent and the non-solvent to isolate the composition. In another aspect, a porous material wherein the filler particles are mechanically bonded together by the polymer and wherein the polymer is present as filaments adhering to and connecting the filler particles across interstitial spaces between the filler particles. In another aspect, a precipitated polymer solution produced by a phase inversion where the majority of the liquids can be mechanically removed.

A machine and process for making a composite battery electrode with a conductive lead cast ribbon extending along and attached to a portion of a carbon fiber material. A lead ribbon may be continuously cast along a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material. The ribbon may be cast along an edge or edges of a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material.

An electrode plate of a rechargeable electrochemical battery. The electrode plate comprises a substantially flat lead grid having a plurality of grid bars and a plurality of window-like cutouts formed between the grid bars. The electrode plate further comprises an active material introduced into the cutouts and/or onto the grid bars of the lead grid. The active material has an artificially produced pattern of slot-shaped depressions on its surface. The depressions extend to a depth from the outer surface of the active material. Also disclosed is a rechargeable electrochemical battery comprising the at least one electrode.

An electrode plate of a rechargeable electrochemical battery. The electrode plate comprises a substantially flat lead grid having a plurality of grid bars and a plurality of window-like cutouts formed between the grid bars. The electrode plate further comprises an active material introduced into the cutouts and/or onto the grid bars of the lead grid. The active material has an artificially produced pattern of slot-shaped depressions on its surface. The depressions extend to a depth from the outer surface of the active material. Also disclosed is a rechargeable electrochemical battery comprising the at least one electrode.

Lead/acid batteries are provided that can include: a plurality of electrodes having a planar copper conductive core member bounded by a polymeric frame maintaining the conductive core member in the planar state.

Lead/acid batteries are provided that can include: a plurality of electrodes having a planar copper conductive core member bounded by a polymeric frame maintaining the conductive core member in the planar state.