Provided are a composition for a negative electrode, and a negative electrode and lithium battery including the composition. The composition includes a negative active material that contains one or more of a metal or a metalloid, an acrylate-based binder, and a guanidine carbonate.

An electrochemical cell comprising: a negative electrode comprising lithium and aluminum; a positive electrode, separate from the negative electrode, comprising a liquid phase having zinc; a liquid electrolyte, disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, comprising a salt of lithium and a salt of zinc; and a bipolar faradaic membrane, disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, having a first surface facing the negative electrode and a second surface facing the positive electrode, the bipolar faradaic membrane configured to allow cations of lithium to pass through and configured to impede cations of zinc from transferring from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, the bipolar faradaic membrane at least partially formed from a material having an electronic conductivity sufficient to drive faradaic reactions at the second surface with the cations of the positive electrode.

The present invention relates to nanostructured materials for use in rechargeable energy storage devices such as lithium batteries, particularly rechargeable secondary lithium batteries, or lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The present invention includes materials, components, and devices, including nanostructured materials for use as battery active materials, and lithium ion battery (LIB) electrodes comprising such nanostructured materials, as well as manufacturing methods related thereto. Exemplary nanostructured materials include silicon-based nanostructures such as silicon nanowires and coated silicon nanowires, nanostructures disposed on substrates comprising active materials or current collectors such as silicon nanowires disposed on graphite particles or copper electrode plates, and LIB anode composites comprising high-capacity active material nanostructures formed on a porous copper and/or graphite powder substrate.

A lithium ion battery has an anode comprising a current collector, a separator and an active material layer having active material particles. Each active material particle comprises a core of an alloying material including silicon and a polymer coating on the core, the polymer coating comprising a heat-shrinking polymer that shrinks as temperature increases. As cycling increases across a life of the lithium ion battery, an expansion amount of the alloying material of the core increases, temperature of the anode increases, and an amount of shrinkage of the polymer coating increases, such that as the core attempts to expand against the polymer coating, the polymer coating exerts an opposite force on the core.

Process for the preparation of electrodes from a porous material making it possible to obtain electrodes that are useful in electrochemical systems and that have at least one of the following properties: a high capacity in mAh/gram, a high capacity in mAh/liter, a good capacity for cycling, a low rate of self-discharge, and a good environmental tolerance.

A Li—S battery including a cathode and an anode and at least one of a lithium-containing liquid electrolyte, gel electrolyte, and solid electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode includes at least one of an electrically conductive carbon material, an electrochemically active cathode material that comprises sulphur, and at least partially fibrillar plastic material. The anode includes a conducting substrate which is coated at least in regions with at least one of silicon and tin. A method for operation thereof.

A method for producing a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery which includes: pressing a mixed liquid comprising particles (B) containing an element capable of occluding/releasing lithium ions, carbon nanotubes (C) of which not less than 95% by number have a fiber diameter of not less than 5 nm and not more than 40 nm, and water into a pulverizing nozzle of a high-pressure dispersing device to obtain a paste or slurry; drying the paste or slurry into a powder; and mixing the powder and carbon particles (A). A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery including carbon particles (A); and flocculates in which particles (B) containing an element capable of occluding/releasing lithium ions and carbon nanotubes (C) of which not less than 95% by number has a fiber diameter of not less than 5 nm and not more than 40 nm are uniformly composited.

A method for producing at least one electrochemical cell of a solid-state battery, comprising a mixed-conducting anode, a mixed-conducting cathode, and an interposed electrolyte, is characterized in that a mixed-conducting anode and a mixed-conducting cathode are initially produced or provided. The surface of at least one of the two electrodes is modified by way of an additional method step in such a way that the electronic conductivity perpendicular to the cell is reduced to less than 10.sup.−8 S/cm in a layer of the electrode near the surface. The anode and cathode are then assembled to form a solid-state battery in such a way that the surface-modified layer of at least one electrode is disposed as an electrolyte layer between the anode and cathode, and the mixed-conducting electrodes are thereby electronically separated.

Electrodes employing as active material metal nanoparticles synthesized by a novel route are provided. The nanoparticle synthesis is facile and reproducible, and provides metal nanoparticles of very small dimension and high purity for a wide range of metals. The electrodes utilizing these nanoparticles thus may have superior capability. Electrochemical cells employing said electrodes are also provided.

An anode for an all solid-state secondary battery, the anode including an anode collector, and coating lithium distribution layer disposed on the anode collector, wherein the lithium distribution layer includes a metal capable of forming an alloy with lithium.