Provided is a method for manufacturing an electrode by doping an active material included a layer of an electrode precursor with alkali metal. The electrode precursor and a counter electrode member are brought into contact with a solution containing an alkali metal ion in a dope bath. The counter electrode member includes a conductive base material, an alkali metal-containing plate, and a member having an opening. The member having the opening is located between the conductive base material and the alkali metal-containing plate. The member having the opening is, for example, a resin film having an opening.

In an anode for a secondary battery, a method for preparing the anode, a secondary battery including the anode, and an apparatus for applying a magnetic field, the anode for a secondary battery includes an anode mixture layer on at least one surface of an anode current collector, in which a z-tensor value of a pore in the anode mixture layer is 0.25 or more. The method includes applying an anode mixture slurry including an anode active material to at least one surface of an anode current collector; and drying the anode mixture slurry to form an anode mixture layer. During at least one of the applying and the drying, a magnetic field in which a direction of a line of magnetic force and magnetic force strength change is applied from both upper and lower surfaces of the anode current collector to orient the anode active material and the pore.

A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode layer. The negative electrode layer includes a composite layer and a single lithium metal layer. The composite layer includes, as a negative electrode active material, an alloy of lithium metal and dissimilar metal. The composite layer and the single lithium metal layer are arranged in this order from the negative electrode current collector. The dissimilar metal is an element that is able to form a solid solution with the lithium metal or an element that is able to form an intermetallic compound with the lithium metal.

A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, and a negative electrode in which deposition and dissolution reactions of lithium metal occur. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode layer. The negative electrode layer contains, as a negative electrode active material, an alloy of the lithium metal and dissimilar metal. An element percentage of lithium element in the alloy is 40.00 atomic % or more and 99.97 atomic % or less when the lithium secondary battery is fully charged.

A unit stack-cell structure and an all-solid-state secondary battery including the same, the unit stack-cell structure includes a plurality of stacked unit cells, each unit cell of the plurality of stacked unit cells including a laminate in which a cathode layer; a solid electrolyte layer; an anode layer; and an elastic layer are sequentially arranged, wherein the elastic layer has a compressive strength of greater than or equal to about 0.28 MPa and less than about 0.6 MPa in a compressibility interval in a range of about 40% to about 70%.

Single, internally adjustable modular battery systems are provided, for handling power delivery from and to various power systems such as electric vehicles, photovoltaic systems, solar systems, grid-scale battery energy storage systems, home energy storage systems and power walls. Batteries comprise a main fast-charging lithium ion battery (FC), configured to deliver power to the electric vehicle, a supercapacitor-emulating fast-charging lithium ion battery (SCeFC), configured to receive power and deliver power to the FC and/or to the EV and to operate at high rates within a limited operation range of state of charge (SoC), respective module management systems, and a control unit. Both the FC and the SCeFC have anodes based on the same anode active material and the control unit is configured to manage the FC and the SCeFC and manage power delivery to and from the power system(s), to optimize the operation of the FC.

A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same are disclosed, and the negative active material includes a primary particle of a crystalline carbon-based material and secondary particle that is an assembly of the primary particles, wherein a ratio of an average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particle relative to an average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particle (average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particle/average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particle) ranges from about 1.5 to about 5 and an aspect ratio of the primary particle ranges from about 1 to about 7.

The present invention provides an anode composition comprising (i) a core material (10) comprising a microparticle; (ii) a lithium alloy of said microparticle (14) on a surface of said core material (10); and (iii) a solid electrolyte interface (“SEI”) comprising (a) a LiF and (b) a polymer. The microparticle comprises Si, Al, Bi, Sn, Zn, or a mixture thereof. The present invention also relates to an electrolyte comprising a high lithium fluoride salt concentration in a low reduction potential solvent that is used produce the solid electrolyte interface comprising LiF and a polymer. The anode composition of the invention has an initial coulombic efficiency of at least 90%, a cycling coulombic efficiency of at least 99%, or both.

A lithium ion cell includes a ribbon-shaped electrode-separator assembly having an anode, a separator, and a cathode. The electrode-separator assembly has two terminal end faces or two terminal sides. The anode comprises a ribbon-shaped anode current collector having a first longitudinal edge, the cathode comprises a ribbon-shaped cathode current collector having a first longitudinal edge, and the electrode-separator assembly is enclosed in a housing. The first longitudinal edge of the anode current collector protrudes from one of the terminal end faces or terminal sides of the stack and the first longitudinal edge of the cathode current collector protrudes from the other. A contact sheet metal member is in direct contact with a respective longitudinal edge. A part of the housing serves as the contact sheet metal member and/or the contact sheet metal member forms a part of the housing enclosing the electrode-separator assembly.

Hybrid electrodes for batteries are disclosed having a protective electrochemically active layer on a metal layer. Other hybrid electrodes include a silicon salt on a metal electrode. The protective layer can be formed directly from the reaction between the metal electrode and a metal salt in a pre-treatment solution and/or from a reaction of the metal salt added in an electrolyte so that the protective layer can be formed in situ during battery formation cycles.