Provided is a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery having favorable cycle characteristics and high capacity. A covering layer containing aluminum and a covering layer containing magnesium are provided on a superficial portion of the positive electrode active material. The covering layer containing magnesium exists in a region closer to a particle surface than the covering layer containing aluminum is. The covering layer containing aluminum can be formed by a sol-gel method using an aluminum alkoxide. The covering layer containing magnesium can be formed as follows: magnesium and fluorine are mixed as a starting material and then subjected to heating after the sol-gel step, so that magnesium is segregated.

Methods for laser cutting electrodes and electrodes with modified edges are generally described.

The embodiments herein disclose a power backup system comprising a graphene-based metal-air battery (GMAB), and at least one auxiliary power source as a secondary and additional back-up. The GMAB comprises an electrolyte reservoir for storing electrolyte; a pump for pumping the electrolyte to a plurality of cells; a filter, coupled to the pump, for entrapping aluminum oxide particles generated by electrolyte flow through the cells, to free the electrolyte from any metal oxide particle impurities; at least one rotameter coupled to the pump; at least one settling tank to remove metal oxide particles from the electrolyte; at least one buffer tank to replenish the electrolyte to a desired composition; and a mechanical refuelling unit for mechanical retraction of consumed aluminum and insertion of a plurality of fresh aluminum cassettes into the cells simultaneously.

A power supply battery and a power supply system for high-speed maglev trains are disclosed. The power supply battery comprises: an electrolyte tank, a plurality of liquid flow pumps, and a plurality of aluminum-air battery reactors. The plurality of aluminum-air battery reactors are sequentially connected in series. The electrolyte tank comprises a plurality of elongate electrolyte grooves. One liquid flow pump corresponds to one aluminum-air battery reactor and one electrolyte groove.

A zinc electrode comprises an anode material, the anode material comprising: an electroactive material comprising at least one of zinc or a compound comprising zinc, a stabilizer additive comprising at least one of: bismuth, copper, indium, a compound comprising bismuth, a compound comprising copper, a compound comprising indium, or any combination thereof, a conductive additive, and a binder.

A battery having a polyvalent metal as the electrochemically active material in the anode which also includes a solid ionically conductive polymer material.

A rechargeable battery using a solution of an aluminum salt as an electrolyte is disclosed, as well as methods of making the battery and methods of using the battery.

A composite negative electrode for an all-solid-state battery is provided. The composite negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes unit cells arranged with a gap therebetween, and wherein the unit cells include a solid electrolyte and a carbon material dispersed in the solid electrolyte.

The present invention provides a fluoride ion secondary battery which has high initial charge/discharge efficiency, while starting with a charged state and having a high voltage. According to the present invention, a composite body is formed using, as negative electrode active materials, nanometer-sized aluminum particles and modified aluminum fluoride together with the other constituents of a negative electrode mixture, said modified aluminum fluoride having voids that are formed by deintercalation of fluoride ions; and a fluoride ion secondary battery is configured by combining a negative electrode, which uses this composite body, with a positive electrode that contains a specific substance as a positive electrode active material.

A method for producing a multi-layer coating on a substrate for an anode or cathode includes preparing a first mixture including a first solvent and a first active material, preparing a second mixture including a second solvent and a second active material, combining the first mixture and the second mixture to form a slurry, and coating the substrate with the slurry. The first solvent and the second solvent are immiscible.