A polymer electrolyte can be formed from (e.g., by polymerizing) a mixture that includes oligomer(s), additive(s), solvent(s), salt(s), and/or any suitable components. The polymer electrolyte can further or alternatively include monomer(s) (e.g., a stiffening monomer that in solution or incorporated into a cured polymer modifies a mechanical property such as flexural modulus of the battery cell; adhesion monomers such as a monomer that interacts with one or more surface within a battery to modify or improve adhesion of the electrolyte and the surface; etc.).

Disclosed herein is a porous substrate having silver and optionally silver oxide and a silver sulfide coating. Also disclosed herein is a battery having a cathode, an anode, and a separator between the cathode and the anode. The cathode includes a substrate having silver and optionally silver oxide and a silver sulfide coating. Also disclosed herein is a method of submerging a substrate having silver and optionally silver oxide in a solution of elemental sulfur in dimethyl sulfoxide to form silver sulfide on the surface of the substrate.

An all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes the lithium-free negative electrode having two or more carbon materials with different particle sizes to increase the contact area with the solid electrolyte. The all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer disposed between the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes a first carbon material; a second carbon material; and Ag; wherein the first carbon material and the second carbon material have different average particle sizes.

An all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes the lithium-free negative electrode having two or more carbon materials with different particle sizes to increase the contact area with the solid electrolyte. The all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer disposed between the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes a first carbon material; a second carbon material; and Ag; wherein the first carbon material and the second carbon material have different average particle sizes.

An all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes the lithium-free negative electrode having two or more carbon materials with different particle sizes to increase the contact area with the solid electrolyte. The all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer disposed between the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes a first carbon material; a second carbon material; and Ag; wherein the first carbon material and the second carbon material have different average particle sizes.

An all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes the lithium-free negative electrode having two or more carbon materials with different particle sizes to increase the contact area with the solid electrolyte. The all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer disposed between the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes a first carbon material; a second carbon material; and Ag; wherein the first carbon material and the second carbon material have different average particle sizes.

A polymer electrolyte can be formed from (e.g., by polymerizing) a mixture that includes oligomer(s), additive(s), solvent(s), salt(s), and/or any suitable components. The polymer electrolyte can further or alternatively include monomer(s) (e.g., a stiffening monomer that in solution or incorporated into a cured polymer modifies a mechanical property such as flexural modulus of the battery cell; adhesion monomers such as a monomer that interacts with one or more surface within a battery to modify or improve adhesion of the electrolyte and the surface; etc.).

A case-neutral electrochemical cell comprises a jellyroll electrode assembly housed inside a cylindrically shaped casing. The anode has a tab connected to the perimeter of a metallic couple residing between a casing header and the electrode assembly. Separately, an anode lead is connected to the couple. This establishes continuity from the anode tab connected to the couple in turn connected to the anode lead extending from the couple and then in a non-conductive relationship through the header to serve as the negative terminal for the cell. A cathode lead, which had previously served as a winding mandrel for the electrode assembly, extends in a non-conductive relationship through both the couple and a second opening in the header. That way, the anode and cathode leads are both electrically isolated from the casing comprising the header closing an open-ended container housing the electrode assembly to provide the case-neutral cell design.

A case-neutral electrochemical cell comprises a jellyroll electrode assembly housed inside a cylindrically shaped casing. The anode has a tab connected to the perimeter of a metallic couple residing between a casing header and the electrode assembly. Separately, an anode lead is connected to the couple. This establishes continuity from the anode tab connected to the couple in turn connected to the anode lead extending from the couple and then in a non-conductive relationship through the header to serve as the negative terminal for the cell. A cathode lead, which had previously served as a winding mandrel for the electrode assembly, extends in a non-conductive relationship through both the couple and a second opening in the header. That way, the anode and cathode leads are both electrically isolated from the casing comprising the header closing an open-ended container housing the electrode assembly to provide the case-neutral cell design.

The alkaline battery of the present invention includes, as power generation components, a positive electrode containing silver oxide as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, a separator, and an alkaline electrolyte solution. At least one of the power generation components contains tellurium or a compound of tellurium. The total content of tellurium element contained in components housed in the battery is 0.4 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of silver element in the positive electrode active material. The positive electrode is substantially free of cadmium.