A positive electrode active material of a lithium ion battery includes lithium manganese iron phosphate and a ternary material. A negative electrode active material is graphite. The lithium ion battery meets the following formulas:

[00001]$\begin{array}{l}1.08\le \left({\text{M}}_3*{\text{η}}_3*\text{y}\right)/\left[\left({\text{M}}_1*{\text{η}}_1*{\text{A}}_1+{\text{M}}_2*{\text{η}}_2*{\text{A}}_2\right)*\text{x}\right]\\ \le 1.12\text{and}\end{array}$

[00002]$\begin{array}{l}0.49\le \left[{\text{M}}_1*\left(1\text{-}{\text{η}}_1\right)*{\text{A}}_1+{\text{M}}_2*\left(1\text{-}{\text{η}}_2\right)*{\text{A}}_2\right]*\text{x}/\left[{\text{M}}_3*\left(1\text{-}{\text{η}}_3\right)*\text{y}\right]\\ \le 1.15\end{array}$

where M.sub.1 is the first-charge specific capacity of lithium manganese iron phosphate; .sub.η1, is the initial efficiency of lithium manganese iron phosphate; A.sub.1 is the percent by mass of lithium manganese iron phosphate in the positive electrode active material; M.sub.2 is the first-charge specific capacity of the ternary material; .sub.η2 is the initial efficiency of the ternary material; A.sub.2 is the percent by mass of the ternary material in the positive electrode active material; M.sub.3 is the first-discharge specific capacity of graphite; .sub.η3 is the initial efficiency of graphi

A method includes mixing a solvent with a dry cathode mixture to form a slurry. The dry cathode mixture includes a cathode active material, a conductive diluent, and a polymeric binder. The method further includes removing the solvent from the slurry to form a composition and calendering, in a first calendering step, the composition to form a sheet. The calendering the composition includes passing the composition between calender rollers.

A method includes mixing a solvent with a dry cathode mixture to form a slurry. The dry cathode mixture includes a cathode active material, a conductive diluent, and a polymeric binder. The method further includes removing the solvent from the slurry to form a composition and calendering, in a first calendering step, the composition to form a sheet. The calendering the composition includes passing the composition between calender rollers.

An electrochemical cell having a casing housing an electrode assembly of a separator residing between a lithium anode and a cathode comprising silver vanadium oxide and fluorinated carbon is described. The electrode assembly is activated with a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent system of propylene carbonate mixed with 1,2-dimethoxyethane, lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). Preferably LiBOB is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 wt. 5 to about 5 wt. %, and FEC is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. %. This electrolyte formulation is more conductive than the conventional or prior art binary and ternary solvent system electrolytes while being chemically and electrochemically stable toward Li/SVO cells, Li-SVO/CF.sub.x mixture cells, and Li-SVO/CF.sub.x sandwich cathode primary electrochemical cells.

An electrochemical cell having a casing housing an electrode assembly of a separator residing between a lithium anode and a cathode comprising silver vanadium oxide and fluorinated carbon is described. The electrode assembly is activated with a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent system of propylene carbonate mixed with 1,2-dimethoxyethane, lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). Preferably LiBOB is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 wt. 5 to about 5 wt. %, and FEC is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. %. This electrolyte formulation is more conductive than the conventional or prior art binary and ternary solvent system electrolytes while being chemically and electrochemically stable toward Li/SVO cells, Li-SVO/CF.sub.x mixture cells, and Li-SVO/CF.sub.x sandwich cathode primary electrochemical cells.

An electrochemical cell comprises a casing having an open-ended container closed by a lid. An anode and cathode are housed inside the casing. The cathode housed inside a primary separator envelope is electrically connected to a positive polarity terminal pin electrically isolated from the casing by a glass-to-metal seal. The anode is electrically connected to the casing serving as a negative terminal. The primary separator enveloping the cathode is contained in a secondary separator comprising an open-ended bag-shaped member extending to an open annular edge. The open annular edge of the secondary separator resides between the cathode electrically connected to the terminal pin and the anode electrically connected to the casing. As electrochemical cells become increasingly smaller to power smaller devices, the physical barrier provided by the upper edge of the secondary separator is important to prevent physical contact between the positive and negative terminals. An electrolyte provided in the casing activates the anode and cathode.

An electrochemical cell comprises a casing having an open-ended container closed by a lid. An anode and cathode are housed inside the casing. The cathode housed inside a primary separator envelope is electrically connected to a positive polarity terminal pin electrically isolated from the casing by a glass-to-metal seal. The anode is electrically connected to the casing serving as a negative terminal. The primary separator enveloping the cathode is contained in a secondary separator comprising an open-ended bag-shaped member extending to an open annular edge. The open annular edge of the secondary separator resides between the cathode electrically connected to the terminal pin and the anode electrically connected to the casing. As electrochemical cells become increasingly smaller to power smaller devices, the physical barrier provided by the upper edge of the secondary separator is important to prevent physical contact between the positive and negative terminals. An electrolyte provided in the casing activates the anode and cathode.

The invention is directed towards a cathode. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material and at least one cathode additive. The at least one cathode additive includes a head group and at least one hydrocarbon tail group. The head group includes at least one p-element atom that is bonded to a second p-element atom. The at least one p-element atom has an electronegativity and the second p-element atom has an electronegativity. The electronegativity of the at least one p-element atom is different from the electronegativity of the second p-element atom.

An electrochemical cell having a casing housing an electrode assembly of a separator residing between a lithium anode and a cathode comprising silver vanadium oxide and fluorinated carbon is described. The electrode assembly is activated with a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent system of propylene carbonate mixed with 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dibenzyl carbonate (DBC), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). Preferably DBC is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 moles (M) to about 0.25M, LiBOB is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 wt. 5 to about 5 wt. %, and FEC is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. %. This electrolyte formulation is more conductive than the conventional or prior art binary and ternary solvent system electrolytes while being chemically and electrochemically stable toward Li/SVO cells, Li-SVO/CF.sub.x mixture cells, and Li-SVO/CF.sub.x sandwich cathode primary electrochemical cells.

An electrochemical cell having a casing housing an electrode assembly of a separator residing between a lithium anode and a cathode comprising silver vanadium oxide and fluorinated carbon is described. The electrode assembly is activated with a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent system of propylene carbonate mixed with 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dibenzyl carbonate (DBC), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). Preferably DBC is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 moles (M) to about 0.25M, LiBOB is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 wt. 5 to about 5 wt. %, and FEC is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. %. This electrolyte formulation is more conductive than the conventional or prior art binary and ternary solvent system electrolytes while being chemically and electrochemically stable toward Li/SVO cells, Li-SVO/CF.sub.x mixture cells, and Li-SVO/CF.sub.x sandwich cathode primary electrochemical cells.