A composition comprising a lead species (e.g., leady oxide, porous metallic lead, metallic lead, lead sulfate) a carbon material and an expander are described herein. Also disclosed are electrodes, devices (e.g., batteries) including the same. Methods for making and using the disclosed novel composition are also detailed herein.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.

A planar microbattery cell array is disclosed. The array includes a number of battery cells arranged parallel to one another on a substrate. The cells include positive electrodes with positive current collectors, negative electrodes with negative current collectors, and solid or gel polymer electrolyte. The current collectors may be arranged in an interdigitated configuration. The novel 3D battery design is suitable for large format batteries and can be manufactured easily and cost-effectively using printing methods.

A lead carbon battery includes an activated carbon anode comprising the active layer and a current collector, wherein the active layer is in electrical contact with the current collector; a lead oxide cathode that is in electrical contact with a cathode side current collector; an acid located in between the activated carbon anode and the cathode; and a casing encapsulating the activated carbon anode, the cathode, and the acid wherein the active layer includes greater than or equal to 85 weight percent of the activated carbon, 1 to 15 weight percent of a fibrillated poly(vinylidene fluoride), and 0 to 10 weight percent of an electrically conductive filler.

A lead carbon battery includes an activated carbon anode comprising the active layer and a current collector, wherein the active layer is in electrical contact with the current collector; a lead oxide cathode that is in electrical contact with a cathode side current collector; an acid located in between the activated carbon anode and the cathode; and a casing encapsulating the activated carbon anode, the cathode, and the acid wherein the active layer includes greater than or equal to 85 weight percent of the activated carbon, 1 to 15 weight percent of a fibrillated poly(vinylidene fluoride), and 0 to 10 weight percent of an electrically conductive filler.

The invention relates to a laminar textile material for covering a pasty active mass on a battery electrode. The invention further relates to a battery electrode having such a material, to a battery, and to a method for producing battery electrodes. Potential improvements of lead batteries are disclosed that are more practical than previously known solutions, and that stabilize the pasty active mass on the battery electrodes. A laminar textile material is disclosed to this end, comprising glass fibers and fibers made of a thermoplastic, e.g. polyester.

The invention relates to a laminar textile material for covering a pasty active mass on a battery electrode. The invention further relates to a battery electrode having such a material, to a battery, and to a method for producing battery electrodes. Potential improvements of lead batteries are disclosed that are more practical than previously known solutions, and that stabilize the pasty active mass on the battery electrodes. A laminar textile material is disclosed to this end, comprising glass fibers and fibers made of a thermoplastic, e.g. polyester.

Disclosed is an electrode for a lead acid battery formed of an electrode plate having a first side and a second opposing the first side, an active material paste applied to at least one of the first and second sides and a fiber mat embedded in the active material paste.

Disclosed is an electrode for a lead acid battery formed of an electrode plate having a first side and a second opposing the first side, an active material paste applied to at least one of the first and second sides and a fiber mat embedded in the active material paste.